WEBVTT

00:00:00.400 --> 00:00:02.000
Welcome once again.

00:00:02.080 --> 00:00:03.600
Welcome to the last session.

00:00:03.680 --> 00:00:06.920
Mr. Janusz Szepio,
who we can see this fate now,

00:00:07.000 --> 00:00:11.480
asked me to stand in for him
owing to transportation issues.

00:00:11.560 --> 00:00:15.120
I will take the liberty
to chair the last session.

00:00:15.200 --> 00:00:19.760
I'll
be sharing this session instead of Janusz,

00:00:19.840 --> 00:00:26.000
who, due to the transportation issues,
will have to leave us a bit earlier.

00:00:26.640 --> 00:00:31.000
The first presentation is by Frank Dhondt.

00:00:31.080 --> 00:00:36.160
He will speak about how to go
from vision to institution.

00:00:36.240 --> 00:00:38.160
Frank, floor is yours.

00:00:38.600 --> 00:00:42.640
Here we have the-Yeah, there we go.

00:00:42.720 --> 00:00:49.880
Let's see the first slides
from vision to institution.

00:00:50.720 --> 00:00:55.000
Actually, there is a lot
in my presentation that

00:00:56.080 --> 00:00:59.760
relates to previous presentations.

00:01:00.000 --> 00:01:01.240
I won't say it's a wrap-up.

00:01:01.320 --> 00:01:02.920
That's a bit too early.

00:01:03.000 --> 00:01:09.360
But there will be many points that
can be related to a more

00:01:09.440 --> 00:01:11.320
theoretical approach, you could say.

00:01:12.480 --> 00:01:14.280
Let's see if this works.
Yeah.

00:01:14.360 --> 00:01:18.880
Well, first First and opening
slide is this global cities metro.

00:01:18.960 --> 00:01:21.800
It's a funny map.

00:01:21.880 --> 00:01:25.920
Markus was talking about we love maps.

00:01:26.000 --> 00:01:28.440
I also love maps.

00:01:28.520 --> 00:01:33.760
I'm an urban planner, but
with a background of geography.

00:01:33.840 --> 00:01:36.760
So not architecture,
not engineering, but geography.

00:01:36.840 --> 00:01:43.600
And of course, when you do geography,
you are raised with maps.

00:01:43.680 --> 00:01:47.800
So this map shows

00:01:47.880 --> 00:01:52.120
a fictuous metro system connecting all

00:01:52.200 --> 00:01:55.360
the cities in the world,
not all the cities, important cities

00:01:55.440 --> 00:01:57.080
in the world, including Gdańsk.

00:01:57.160 --> 00:01:58.120
Nice.

00:01:58.200 --> 00:02:00.680
Not a tri-city, only Gdańsk.

00:02:00.760 --> 00:02:07.120
The blue circles are representing
the places where Isocarp,

00:02:07.200 --> 00:02:12.600
I'm here together with Elisabeth and some
other people here representing

00:02:12.680 --> 00:02:15.800
the International Society of City
and Regional Planners

00:02:15.880 --> 00:02:18.600
with the logo there on top.

00:02:18.680 --> 00:02:25.480
We have been quite busy lately to advocate
the planning agenda worldwide,

00:02:25.560 --> 00:02:26.480
which is still needed.

00:02:26.560 --> 00:02:31.520
There is a new urban agenda, as you know,
to implement the

00:02:31.600 --> 00:02:34.840
Sustainable Development Goal number 11.

00:02:34.920 --> 00:02:37.800
But there is not
a specific planning agenda.

00:02:37.880 --> 00:02:43.040
Isocarp must actually play a role together

00:02:43.120 --> 00:02:45.880
with other organizations like ECTP

00:02:45.960 --> 00:02:49.400
and TUP, promote that planning agenda.

00:02:49.480 --> 00:02:51.720
We do that in different
places of the world.

00:02:51.800 --> 00:02:53.600
You see the blue.

00:02:53.920 --> 00:02:59.240
But I also have my red circle where I work
as a professional because we are all

00:02:59.320 --> 00:03:02.200
volunteers members of that organization.

00:03:02.280 --> 00:03:05.760
From time to time,
we must earn some money,

00:03:05.840 --> 00:03:09.200
and we do that by professional engagement.

00:03:09.280 --> 00:03:12.680
I work currently in those red circles.

00:03:12.760 --> 00:03:18.000
If you can read them, Hanoi,
somewhere in Saudi Arabia,

00:03:18.080 --> 00:03:20.760
in Frankfurt, and I live in Athens.

00:03:20.840 --> 00:03:23.640
Then I added also the black circle.

00:03:23.720 --> 00:03:30.040
We are here so close to Ukraine,
and our heart goes always to Ukraine

00:03:30.120 --> 00:03:36.960
and hopefully, ending
of the painful situation over there.

00:03:37.040 --> 00:03:38.200
Yes?

00:03:40.400 --> 00:03:44.560
In my professional planning career,

00:03:44.640 --> 00:03:49.480
I do quite some capacity building.

00:03:49.560 --> 00:03:54.000
These are training sessions
on well-planned sustainable

00:03:54.080 --> 00:03:55.400
urban development.

00:03:55.480 --> 00:03:59.320
Then sometimes pictures
say more than many words.

00:03:59.400 --> 00:04:03.440
So spot the seven differences between
integrated and this

00:04:03.520 --> 00:04:06.000
integrated urban planning.

00:04:06.520 --> 00:04:08.720
Speaks for itself.

00:04:08.800 --> 00:04:14.200
Here, would you like to go back
in time in these places?

00:04:14.920 --> 00:04:18.040
I can guess the answer.

00:04:18.120 --> 00:04:21.880
Where would you like to walk?

00:04:22.000 --> 00:04:28.200
Just a couple of examples to say
that planning matters, design matters,

00:04:28.280 --> 00:04:30.720
participatory planning matters.

00:04:30.800 --> 00:04:36.720
But it has to be, of course,
well-organised, not in an ad hoc way.

00:04:36.880 --> 00:04:43.760
A week ago in Cairo,
during the 12th World Urban Forum,

00:04:43.840 --> 00:04:51.040
we had IsoCarp coordinated or organized
four networking events,

00:04:51.120 --> 00:04:52.560
including this one.

00:04:52.640 --> 00:04:55.800
The main issue here was

00:04:55.880 --> 00:04:59.920
see how this UN habitat tool of our city

00:05:00.000 --> 00:05:05.680
city plans can be applied on different
scales and in different contexts.

00:05:05.760 --> 00:05:09.000
Because context matters
in planning, we know that.

00:05:09.080 --> 00:05:14.240
But we also need
to build up a global theory

00:05:14.320 --> 00:05:21.640
of of planning, which can be
localized and contextualized.

00:05:21.720 --> 00:05:27.880
This tool, our city plans, and I work

00:05:27.960 --> 00:05:32.840
since many years on and off with you and

00:05:32.920 --> 00:05:37.400
Habitat, we are now testing this snake.

00:05:37.480 --> 00:05:40.760
We call it the planning snake.

00:05:40.880 --> 00:05:46.720
It's the process of planning, you see,
from assessment, plan, operationisation,

00:05:46.800 --> 00:05:51.200
implementation, the four
big phases of planning.

00:05:51.280 --> 00:05:57.200
We are now testing it in Vietnam, but it's
being tested in many places of the world.

00:05:57.280 --> 00:06:01.440
I think it's a good summary
of all the things we have been already

00:06:01.520 --> 00:06:03.320
discussing on different levels.

00:06:03.400 --> 00:06:08.400
Mind you, this is a approach for a city
plan, but it also contains a neighborhood

00:06:08.480 --> 00:06:13.440
plan, but it's not really yet adopted
to Metropolitan planning,

00:06:13.520 --> 00:06:15.440
regional planning, and so on.

00:06:15.520 --> 00:06:19.120
But it doesn't differ that much.

00:06:19.280 --> 00:06:23.680
You see, as my title is from vision
to institution,

00:06:23.760 --> 00:06:29.200
I put this 8 there around 17, 19,

00:06:29.280 --> 00:06:33.200
which are for me the pole stars of the

00:06:33.280 --> 00:06:37.520
planning process is strategic visioning.

00:06:37.600 --> 00:06:42.680
Strategic visioning workshops
with stakeholders and people, communities,

00:06:42.760 --> 00:06:48.720
towards a shared vision and specialized,

00:06:48.800 --> 00:06:51.520
not just in words, but also in maps.

00:06:51.600 --> 00:06:55.680
I see that as a very crucial component.

00:06:55.760 --> 00:07:00.000
It takes integrated sustainability
planning to deliver sustainability

00:07:00.080 --> 00:07:03.040
sustainable urban policies,
plans, and designs.

00:07:03.120 --> 00:07:06.480
Now, sustainability planning.

00:07:06.560 --> 00:07:10.840
I use that term more and more instead
of urban planning,

00:07:10.920 --> 00:07:16.720
because urban planning in many
countries has become quite sectorial.

00:07:16.800 --> 00:07:20.240
You have transport planning and you have
environmental planning,

00:07:20.320 --> 00:07:22.800
and then you have urban planning.

00:07:23.160 --> 00:07:27.640
While we always think that urban planning
has a integrated approach,

00:07:27.720 --> 00:07:32.280
it is often reduced to land use planning.

00:07:32.960 --> 00:07:38.920
Often we are seen as the ones that are
not contributing to sustainability.

00:07:39.000 --> 00:07:45.240
I think we might maybe rethink our own
notion of urban and territorial planning

00:07:45.320 --> 00:07:47.040
towards sustainability planning.

00:07:47.120 --> 00:07:51.840
Yes, with our way of planning,
we contribute to sustainability.

00:07:51.920 --> 00:07:56.520
I would like to unpack that term

00:07:56.600 --> 00:08:01.680
together and then see how this can be

00:08:01.760 --> 00:08:03.440
institutionalized.

00:08:03.680 --> 00:08:10.800
For me, integrated sustainability planning
means the following 5, 10, 16 points.

00:08:10.880 --> 00:08:14.720
I will quickly go over them one by one.

00:08:14.800 --> 00:08:21.600
It means for me a place-based
SDG integration, localizing the SDGs,

00:08:21.680 --> 00:08:23.280
the Sustainable Development Goals.

00:08:23.360 --> 00:08:25.120
There are many tools to do so.

00:08:25.200 --> 00:08:29.600
Yes, I know many cities are working

00:08:29.680 --> 00:08:32.920
on but not always in an integrated way.

00:08:33.000 --> 00:08:39.520
Often a bit in a tokenised way to put
in a brochure, but not

00:08:39.600 --> 00:08:43.360
really in a systematic way.

00:08:43.440 --> 00:08:46.840
Multisectorial policies and plans.

00:08:46.920 --> 00:08:48.320
I will come back to that.

00:08:48.400 --> 00:08:53.680
But here I refer to the idea
that sustainability planning must be

00:08:53.760 --> 00:08:58.880
framed within a holistic
approach called planning system.

00:08:58.960 --> 00:09:02.800
Planning system is often something we
inherit from long ago,

00:09:02.880 --> 00:09:06.440
and we consider it as a burden.

00:09:06.520 --> 00:09:08.000
It's outdated.

00:09:08.080 --> 00:09:14.280
It's, in many countries,
even post-colonial or colonial.

00:09:14.360 --> 00:09:18.320
We try to bypass it,
which is not a good idea.

00:09:18.400 --> 00:09:22.640
We as planners, I think we should

00:09:23.360 --> 00:09:26.880
use the laws, the rules, and regulations,

00:09:26.960 --> 00:09:32.480
or change them, but not bypass In

00:09:33.360 --> 00:09:36.000
any case, such a planning

00:09:36.080 --> 00:09:38.400
system cannot be done in a silo.

00:09:38.480 --> 00:09:42.240
Yes, it has to be done
in a multi-stakeholder way.

00:09:42.320 --> 00:09:48.400
I will explain how we can break those
silos by institutional innovation.

00:09:48.480 --> 00:09:53.040
The multi-governance approach,
we know that it's also dealing with the

00:09:53.120 --> 00:09:55.280
different scales, nothing new for you.

00:09:55.360 --> 00:09:59.400
Multi-stakeholder partnership,
the four spheres,

00:09:59.480 --> 00:10:05.320
national, local authorities, civil society
planning professionals, there are more.

00:10:05.400 --> 00:10:06.280
There are more.

00:10:06.360 --> 00:10:12.080
You can include Indigenous people,
you can include, depending on the case,

00:10:12.160 --> 00:10:16.120
the media and so on.

00:10:16.200 --> 00:10:21.640
It's not limited to those four key groups.

00:10:21.720 --> 00:10:28.320
But if you organize a planning process
without those four key stakeholders,

00:10:28.400 --> 00:10:30.040
you're not doing it right.

00:10:31.320 --> 00:10:37.960
Integrated also means a three-pronged
approach of urban rules and regulations,

00:10:38.040 --> 00:10:39.640
urban planning and design.

00:10:39.720 --> 00:10:45.640
Often a design is now also
reframed as placemaking,

00:10:45.720 --> 00:10:51.800
which is a form of social design or
participatory urban design.

00:10:51.880 --> 00:10:57.760
Then last but not least, the finance,
municipal finance or regional finance,

00:10:57.840 --> 00:11:00.080
depending on the level, yes.

00:11:00.160 --> 00:11:06.640
Then planning means, for me at least,
that it's strategic

00:11:06.720 --> 00:11:08.360
and driven by a shared vision.

00:11:08.440 --> 00:11:12.080
That's where shared vision kicks in.

00:11:12.160 --> 00:11:17.000
For me, that is something that is not
necessarily done so late

00:11:17.080 --> 00:11:18.280
in the planning process.

00:11:18.360 --> 00:11:23.000
I have learned that if you do a shared
vision workshop in the very beginning

00:11:23.080 --> 00:11:27.680
of the process, it can also guide you
in asking the right questions,

00:11:27.760 --> 00:11:32.400
in doing enough research or survey to have

00:11:32.480 --> 00:11:35.040
a clear understanding of the

00:11:35.120 --> 00:11:37.400
current state, but not more.

00:11:37.480 --> 00:11:41.120
Too often, surveys become a thing on their

00:11:41.200 --> 00:11:45.200
own, and half of the planning process goes

00:11:45.280 --> 00:11:50.200
and half of the resources
into survey for the survey.

00:11:51.200 --> 00:11:58.160
Evidence and metric-based,
layers, participatory

00:11:58.240 --> 00:11:59.480
co-creative/collaborative.

00:11:59.560 --> 00:12:05.560
Bottom up, human
rights-based, multi-stakeholders already

00:12:05.640 --> 00:12:10.200
said, seeking win-win partnerships,
public outreach and involvement.

00:12:10.280 --> 00:12:13.720
What I would

00:12:14.200 --> 00:12:17.400
like What we see more is that we don't

00:12:17.480 --> 00:12:23.320
only plan for places,
but we also plan for a participation.

00:12:23.400 --> 00:12:31.160
It needs its own design
with a timeline, when to involve

00:12:31.240 --> 00:12:34.520
which stakeholders, for what purpose.

00:12:34.600 --> 00:12:42.600
It needs a dedicated thinking
in the beginning of any planning process.

00:12:43.040 --> 00:12:47.320
Planning is not just delivering the plan.

00:12:47.400 --> 00:12:53.600
It has to be action and project-oriented,
and if possible, starting implementation

00:12:53.680 --> 00:12:58.800
during the planning, not necessarily
waiting until the plan is approved.

00:12:58.880 --> 00:13:06.120
Then also the idea that planning should
not be just in hard terms,

00:13:06.200 --> 00:13:10.680
the plan, the decision, the regulations.

00:13:10.760 --> 00:13:16.520
There is also a lot to add in terms
of what we can call soft urbanism,

00:13:16.600 --> 00:13:20.080
the formal and informal
planning and placemaking.

00:13:20.160 --> 00:13:26.920
The cultural dimension of planning
should also be given the right attention.

00:13:27.280 --> 00:13:29.520
Then finally, sustainability.

00:13:29.600 --> 00:13:35.640
Means staying within safe
planetary boundaries.

00:13:35.720 --> 00:13:39.800
This slide shows you an urban approach to

00:13:40.600 --> 00:13:44.640
planetary boundaries, carbon neutral,

00:13:44.720 --> 00:13:52.160
biotech biodiverse, socially equitable,
economically regenerative.

00:13:52.240 --> 00:13:56.560
I like this
scheme because it shows you the 17

00:13:56.640 --> 00:14:00.600
sustainable development goals
which we should

00:14:00.680 --> 00:14:05.000
take into account in any planning process,
not only SDG 11,

00:14:05.080 --> 00:14:07.520
but not necessarily as an end goal.

00:14:07.600 --> 00:14:13.720
The SDGs have actually a deadline in 2030,

00:14:13.800 --> 00:14:16.800
which is for planners tomorrow.

00:14:16.880 --> 00:14:22.320
We actually have the moral obligation,
at least, to look beyond

00:14:22.400 --> 00:14:25.040
the SDGs, beyond 2030.

00:14:25.120 --> 00:14:30.200
Many plans that we develop
have a plan horizon 2040, 2050.

00:14:30.280 --> 00:14:34.880
What is beyond the SDGs?

00:14:34.960 --> 00:14:39.680
There are many scholars actually saying
that the SDGs are still too

00:14:39.760 --> 00:14:44.960
much anthropocentric
and that the next dimension should be less

00:14:45.040 --> 00:14:50.760
anthropocentric, and that's where the
regenerative development kicks in.

00:14:50.840 --> 00:14:55.640
I don't have a clear definition what
that would mean in terms of targets

00:14:55.720 --> 00:15:02.280
and indicators, but I think it's our task
to think ahead and not just wait

00:15:02.360 --> 00:15:06.680
until it comes from the UN tables.

00:15:06.760 --> 00:15:10.360
Then, of course, peace.

00:15:10.440 --> 00:15:11.720
How to make it work?

00:15:11.800 --> 00:15:15.160
The different levels.

00:15:15.960 --> 00:15:20.840
Then that idea of how do
you institutionalize it.

00:15:20.920 --> 00:15:25.960
Very often, I'm sorry, Markus,
this is the planning system in Italy.

00:15:26.040 --> 00:15:29.240
It's probably not accurate anymore.

00:15:29.320 --> 00:15:35.600
It's just an illustration that most
of the planning systems are quite top-down

00:15:35.680 --> 00:15:38.200
with this pyramid.

00:15:38.280 --> 00:15:41.400
I didn't make that graphic, I found it.

00:15:41.480 --> 00:15:48.080
Somebody thought this is a good way to
visualize a planning system,

00:15:48.160 --> 00:15:50.440
and that is not only for Italy.

00:15:50.520 --> 00:15:53.800
I think we have to go to another approach.

00:15:53.880 --> 00:15:56.080
I call it the multiplex.

00:15:56.160 --> 00:16:01.680
I have a whole presentation, and I think
I presented this already, was it last

00:16:01.760 --> 00:16:07.080
year or two years ago, more in detail.

00:16:09.120 --> 00:16:16.480
We need to assess
the current planning systems through

00:16:16.560 --> 00:16:21.560
the lens of integrated sustainability
planning so that we know

00:16:21.640 --> 00:16:23.800
how do we assess it.

00:16:23.920 --> 00:16:29.560
Do the current planning systems
have responses of approaches that can

00:16:29.640 --> 00:16:35.880
deliver on the outcomes and impacts
that we want to see happening through the

00:16:35.960 --> 00:16:39.720
perspective of integrated
sustainability planning, yes or no?

00:16:39.800 --> 00:16:42.960
The answer in many cases is no,
or certainly not enough.

00:16:43.040 --> 00:16:45.680
Then, of course, the next question is,
how do you reform it?

00:16:45.760 --> 00:16:47.360
How do you change it?

00:16:47.440 --> 00:16:52.920
For that, we can use the theory of change
that the results always depend on the

00:16:53.000 --> 00:16:56.240
resources, inputs, activities,
and then the results translates

00:16:56.320 --> 00:16:58.960
in outputs, outcomes, and impact.

00:16:59.040 --> 00:17:04.080
Now, using that In our scheme,
I have tried to redefine planning systems,

00:17:04.160 --> 00:17:10.840
but I'm going to go pretty fast
with very little explanation.

00:17:10.920 --> 00:17:18.400
But that's basically the theory of change
applied to planning system reform.

00:17:18.480 --> 00:17:24.720
What stands out here is,
and I made this already in 2015,

00:17:24.800 --> 00:17:30.080
so long before this
presentation where we look We had

00:17:30.160 --> 00:17:34.760
the relation between shared vision
and planning institutions, but it's there.

00:17:34.840 --> 00:17:38.880
You see on the right, say,
planning phases,

00:17:38.960 --> 00:17:46.360
shared vision, and you see that
the planning resources must

00:17:46.440 --> 00:17:53.840
contain up to date functional
performing planning institutions

00:17:53.920 --> 00:17:57.960
next to planning education,
which in many countries and cities is

00:17:58.040 --> 00:18:02.200
simply not available
or or totally insufficient.

00:18:02.320 --> 00:18:06.040
Then people wonder, why
is the planning system not working?

00:18:06.120 --> 00:18:08.960
Well, that's one of the main
reasons, of course.

00:18:09.040 --> 00:18:15.960
If you don't have these resources
and you don't do the planning following

00:18:16.040 --> 00:18:20.200
the processes and the phases,
you won't have the desired outputs,

00:18:20.280 --> 00:18:22.760
outcomes, and impacts.

00:18:23.760 --> 00:18:28.480
In terms of interim conclusions, I

00:18:28.560 --> 00:18:31.760
would say shared visions and planning

00:18:31.840 --> 00:18:37.760
scenarios are critical for any policy,
plan, and design to transform and shape

00:18:37.840 --> 00:18:42.600
sustainable and regenerative towns,
cities, and city region.

00:18:43.080 --> 00:18:45.400
How come?

00:18:45.480 --> 00:18:48.520
Okay.
How do I go back?

00:18:48.600 --> 00:18:49.360
Okay.

00:18:49.440 --> 00:18:53.280
The second one is not in bold or large.

00:18:53.360 --> 00:18:58.480
Shared visions emerge from co-creative
and collaborative planning processes

00:18:58.560 --> 00:19:04.200
involving place-based the communities,
other stakeholders, and decision-makers.

00:19:04.960 --> 00:19:06.320
Decision-makers, decision-takers.

00:19:06.400 --> 00:19:08.440
I think we are decision-makers.

00:19:08.520 --> 00:19:11.840
I mean, planners, we prepare decisions.

00:19:11.920 --> 00:19:16.440
Then, of course, you have elected
politicians taking the decision.

00:19:16.520 --> 00:19:21.920
That is something different than
considering ourselves as technicians,

00:19:22.000 --> 00:19:25.880
because planning is political,
whether we like it or not,

00:19:25.960 --> 00:19:31.240
but it is political and we have to take up
that role, but in the right

00:19:31.320 --> 00:19:34.000
proportions, of course.

00:19:34.080 --> 00:19:39.440
As linking pins between joint fact finding
about past and present and evidence-based

00:19:39.520 --> 00:19:42.480
planning solutions
and interventions future.

00:19:42.560 --> 00:19:49.160
I see shared vision to connect past,
present, and future.

00:19:49.240 --> 00:19:54.560
Third, interim conclusion, shaping common,
resilient place-based futures

00:19:54.640 --> 00:19:59.680
requires open-minded agency
of democratically elected public

00:19:59.760 --> 00:20:02.880
representatives initiatives
resulting in participatory

00:20:02.960 --> 00:20:09.960
place-based decisions towards more
regenerative neighborhoods and cities.

00:20:10.040 --> 00:20:15.840
Number 4, specialized public planning
institutions and agencies are critical

00:20:15.920 --> 00:20:19.920
to enable, facilitate,
and support participatory planning

00:20:20.000 --> 00:20:22.880
processes,
empowering communities and other

00:20:22.960 --> 00:20:27.800
stakeholders in meaningfully engaging
in all sports of planning from long-term

00:20:27.880 --> 00:20:32.160
city-wide Metropolitan planning
to community-led placemaking and tactical

00:20:32.240 --> 00:20:36.640
urbanism, making optimal
use of modern technology.

00:20:36.720 --> 00:20:42.080
Then the last one, planning institutions
and agencies championing participatory

00:20:42.160 --> 00:20:46.280
integrated sustainability planning can
earn a quality label as

00:20:46.360 --> 00:20:48.320
Center of Excellence.

00:20:48.400 --> 00:20:51.680
Here is the one.

00:20:51.760 --> 00:20:54.920
A bit messed up.
No problem.

00:20:55.000 --> 00:20:57.760
That's the way I want to conclude
the presentation,

00:20:57.840 --> 00:21:03.640
is a bit reflecting on How do we define
such a Center of Planning Excellence?

00:21:03.720 --> 00:21:08.560
I am trying to assist the Vietnamese

00:21:08.640 --> 00:21:12.320
government in setting up such a Center

00:21:12.400 --> 00:21:18.600
of Urban Excellence at national level
in Vietnam, in a fast urbanizing country

00:21:18.680 --> 00:21:21.920
with more than 100 million inhabitants.

00:21:22.000 --> 00:21:26.560
Another easy task,
but it's certainly something that can be

00:21:26.640 --> 00:21:31.680
applied to many other countries,
many other cities.

00:21:31.760 --> 00:21:36.720
I have heard some of the presentations
that have clear elements related

00:21:36.800 --> 00:21:39.400
to a center of Excellence.

00:21:39.480 --> 00:21:46.520
It's from silos to cross functional roles,
high-collaboration, result-oriented.

00:21:46.600 --> 00:21:48.840
You get a point.

00:21:48.920 --> 00:21:53.680
That's where such a Center of Excellence
kicks in with the following basic

00:21:53.760 --> 00:22:00.600
components or aims: education, Training,

00:22:00.680 --> 00:22:03.920
research, practice policy development,

00:22:04.000 --> 00:22:07.640
guidance, national influence,
service delivery.

00:22:07.720 --> 00:22:12.440
It's moving towards a more
hybrid organization.

00:22:12.520 --> 00:22:17.640
Too often planning departments are
too restrictive, too bureaucratic,

00:22:17.720 --> 00:22:20.680
and research is too
far away from practice.

00:22:20.760 --> 00:22:26.640
What we need is a new hybrid formula where
that is brought together,

00:22:26.720 --> 00:22:32.920
but more as a enhanceer, enabler,
as a standalone practice.

00:22:34.240 --> 00:22:37.320
Fostering a collaborative culture.

00:22:37.400 --> 00:22:44.920
You see here different roles, including
shared vision and goals, number 2.

00:22:46.840 --> 00:22:52.560
From a publication of OECD,
we can learn that a Center of Excellence

00:22:52.640 --> 00:22:57.200
is a body that provides leadership,
best practices, research, support,

00:22:57.280 --> 00:23:01.040
training, training of trainers, and so on.

00:23:01.120 --> 00:23:05.000
The literal meaning of a Center
of Excellence is a place where

00:23:05.080 --> 00:23:07.720
the highest standards are maintained.

00:23:07.800 --> 00:23:12.520
I think we should evolve towards
a system of standardizing.

00:23:12.600 --> 00:23:18.560
Standardizing in the sense
of a positive labeling.

00:23:18.640 --> 00:23:22.000
If you want to become a center
of Planning Excellence,

00:23:22.080 --> 00:23:27.280
here are the following
qualifiers, something like this,

00:23:27.360 --> 00:23:29.760
like the ISO approach.

00:23:29.840 --> 00:23:35.120
The Center of Urban of Excellence
instrument may be a fruitful path towards

00:23:35.200 --> 00:23:39.640
realizing capacity for human resource
development, organizational capacity,

00:23:39.720 --> 00:23:43.880
and the creation of an institutional
and legal framework in the research

00:23:43.960 --> 00:23:48.120
and higher education field,
including positive effect on innovation

00:23:48.200 --> 00:23:50.200
and socio-economic development.

00:23:50.280 --> 00:23:56.400
The consolidation of resources involved
in Center of Excellence schemes

00:23:56.480 --> 00:24:00.480
does not necessarily imply a choice
between a purely scientific or

00:24:00.560 --> 00:24:07.720
socioeconomic agenda, but could instead
act to bridge those two types of goals.

00:24:07.800 --> 00:24:15.200
Now, here you see actually some very
important components or qualifiers.

00:24:15.280 --> 00:24:20.640
In Vietnam, we are now actually trying
to tick boxes and to find people

00:24:20.720 --> 00:24:25.640
that can contribute to these components.

00:24:27.000 --> 00:24:28.640
I think this is the last slide.

00:24:28.720 --> 00:24:33.640
This is from another There's
a study on that topic.

00:24:33.720 --> 00:24:37.480
Centers of Excellence have a significant
scientific, political,

00:24:37.560 --> 00:24:39.440
economic, and social impacts.

00:24:39.520 --> 00:24:44.680
However, there are inconsistent use
and self-designation

00:24:44.760 --> 00:24:46.840
of the brand without approval.

00:24:46.920 --> 00:24:51.680
All of a sudden somebody calls a planning
department a Center of Excellence.

00:24:51.760 --> 00:24:55.400
That is not the way it should go.

00:24:55.920 --> 00:25:01.080
It can, of course, evolve to it,
but sometimes it is just a smokes screen,

00:25:01.160 --> 00:25:06.120
maybe to increase salaries or something,
but not really to perform

00:25:06.200 --> 00:25:09.520
better than before.

00:25:09.680 --> 00:25:15.200
The Center of excellent needs to ensure
that it has the right technical,

00:25:15.280 --> 00:25:18.160
administrative, and operational functions
in place,

00:25:18.240 --> 00:25:22.200
bringing in the right subject matter
expertise at the right time

00:25:22.280 --> 00:25:24.080
to deliver targeted outcomes.

00:25:24.160 --> 00:25:28.280
The appointment of expertise needs to be
merit-based,

00:25:28.360 --> 00:25:33.520
taking into account each member's
education, training, experience, and the

00:25:33.600 --> 00:25:36.640
broader vision of long-term requirements.

00:25:36.720 --> 00:25:42.320
Excellence is ultimately what
your peers value as excellent.

00:25:42.400 --> 00:25:49.040
It means it has to go through a couple
of phases and many years before you can

00:25:49.120 --> 00:25:52.960
actually say, Aha, this we
consider as a center of excellence.

00:25:53.040 --> 00:25:58.840
But as planners, I think we have to think
this way and try to promote these

00:25:58.920 --> 00:26:04.200
qualifiers in a way that it is applicable
in very different circumstances

00:26:04.280 --> 00:26:06.240
all over the world.

00:26:06.480 --> 00:26:07.680
Thank you.

00:26:10.000 --> 00:26:12.080
Okay, hope it works.
Thank you very much, Frank.

00:26:12.160 --> 00:26:17.200
The next presentation is
by Mr. Michal Glasser from the

00:26:17.280 --> 00:26:21.920
Metropolitan Society Gdańsk-Gdynia Sopot.

00:26:22.360 --> 00:26:25.720
Michal Glasser is the head of this

00:26:25.800 --> 00:26:29.640
society, which is a starting point

00:26:29.720 --> 00:26:34.040
for our for our Metropolitan organization.

00:26:34.120 --> 00:26:36.360
Michal, floor is yours.

00:26:38.560 --> 00:26:41.640
Ladies and gentlemen, I feel honored.

00:26:41.720 --> 00:26:43.680
Thank you for the invitation.

00:26:43.760 --> 00:26:49.800
As far as I understood,
and as far as I can see, you have the

00:26:50.560 --> 00:26:53.520
headphones, so I can speak in Polish,

00:26:53.600 --> 00:26:59.760
so that it can be quicker and swifter.

00:27:00.560 --> 00:27:08.120
Good morning.

00:27:08.200 --> 00:27:10.960
A few words about the Metropolitan area,
Gdańsk, Gdia Sofot.

00:27:11.040 --> 00:27:13.920
My name is Michał Glaser.

00:27:14.000 --> 00:27:19.600
I'm the chairman of the

00:27:20.040 --> 00:27:22.040
Management Board of the Metropolitan area.

00:27:22.120 --> 00:27:26.360
We understand in such a way
that the political management,

00:27:26.440 --> 00:27:34.480
these are obviously presidents, mayors,
heads of municipalities who choose

00:27:34.560 --> 00:27:39.200
a three-person management
board, which I chair.

00:27:39.280 --> 00:27:46.280
But most decisions, of course, are made
in agreement with as city president.

00:27:46.360 --> 00:27:51.200
I coordinate work of our municipalities,
our government units.

00:27:51.280 --> 00:27:55.600
On my daily basis, I work with presidents,
vice presidents,

00:27:55.680 --> 00:27:57.840
directors of various units.

00:27:57.920 --> 00:28:04.480
Therefore, I'm not a specialist in
the spatial planning as most of you here.

00:28:04.560 --> 00:28:10.280
Therefore, in the title of my presentation
in the program,

00:28:10.360 --> 00:28:16.240
we see a partial question that is directed
to you

00:28:16.680 --> 00:28:22.840
as far as the moment
of development that we are

00:28:22.920 --> 00:28:27.160
at this point that I'll be talking about.

00:28:27.640 --> 00:28:30.640
I'll try to shorten
my presentation somewhat.

00:28:30.720 --> 00:28:35.920
The last
two years, we've been working on the

00:28:36.000 --> 00:28:39.960
new strategy of developing
the Metropolitan area

00:28:40.040 --> 00:28:44.160
together with the Gdańsk University
of Technology, Gdańsk Polytechnic,

00:28:44.240 --> 00:28:46.640
Gdańsk Medical University,

00:28:47.640 --> 00:28:52.400
which are part of the Fahrenheit

00:28:52.480 --> 00:28:54.440
Academic Association.

00:28:54.520 --> 00:28:57.360
This picture, by the way,
illustrates that it was taken

00:28:57.440 --> 00:29:01.440
in the library of the
University of Gdańsk two years ago,

00:29:01.520 --> 00:29:06.640
where we started a very important phase
for the strategy.

00:29:06.720 --> 00:29:11.440
This strategy was actually
passed in August of this year.

00:29:11.520 --> 00:29:16.480
The main goal of the strategy is
improving of the integration

00:29:16.560 --> 00:29:24.720
of residents living around Tri-City.

00:29:26.280 --> 00:29:29.920
It would be visible on the map that you
will see later,

00:29:30.000 --> 00:29:33.840
But within the Metropolitan area,
we have the residents of those counties,

00:29:33.920 --> 00:29:39.720
of those municipalities,
from which it takes about an hour

00:29:39.800 --> 00:29:42.840
to travel by car to Gdaia Skdynia.

00:29:42.920 --> 00:29:48.000
This is the radius that we've chosen.

00:29:50.800 --> 00:29:57.800
This is in fact the radius that makes
these residents feel part of the Tri-City.

00:29:57.880 --> 00:30:04.600
Therefore, our association is made of
municipalities.

00:30:04.680 --> 00:30:06.680
Tri-city itself is

00:30:08.600 --> 00:30:13.040
750,000, the other 47 is 750 as well.

00:30:13.120 --> 00:30:19.120
Half of the residents live in the core
and the other have around the core.

00:30:19.560 --> 00:30:23.200
In order to complicate further,
we have the second level

00:30:23.280 --> 00:30:26.360
of government in Poland.

00:30:26.440 --> 00:30:32.680
That is counties, the crowd of counties
in the UK, and additional 10 counties

00:30:32.760 --> 00:30:35.280
belong to the Metropolitan area.

00:30:35.360 --> 00:30:40.840
An hour ago, we've just completed our
two-day

00:30:41.280 --> 00:30:48.720
meeting, who are 60 representatives
of civil government take joint decisions.

00:30:49.120 --> 00:30:53.080
And the goal of the actions is better
integration of counties

00:30:53.160 --> 00:30:55.240
which surround Tri-City.

00:30:55.320 --> 00:30:59.640
Here we have the names of
all the counties.

00:30:59.720 --> 00:31:05.880
The work is directed at facilitating
the residents

00:31:05.960 --> 00:31:11.480
in making full use of the potential
connected with the Metropolitan area.

00:31:11.560 --> 00:31:17.440
The parallel second aim
is, well,

00:31:17.520 --> 00:31:23.800
better handling of various crises,
demographic crisis, for example,

00:31:23.880 --> 00:31:29.320
which definitely touches our part
of Europe and a large part of the world.

00:31:29.400 --> 00:31:36.440
The geopolitical challenges, of course,
also the peripheral location, because

00:31:36.520 --> 00:31:42.480
we are somewhat far from the main

00:31:42.560 --> 00:31:46.640
center of the view in comparison to

00:31:46.720 --> 00:31:50.520
Bosnia and Craco as far as trading.

00:31:51.120 --> 00:31:53.560
Roots are connected.
It's more about that later.

00:31:53.640 --> 00:31:56.520
We point to the three main
pillars in our strategy.

00:31:56.600 --> 00:32:00.880
The first is called climate
and space is priority.

00:32:00.960 --> 00:32:06.000
Here we have fragments from our diagnosis,

00:32:06.080 --> 00:32:10.360
which talk about flood,

00:32:10.440 --> 00:32:12.880
dangers in most of our counties.

00:32:12.960 --> 00:32:20.120
The second part, danger of droughts.

00:32:20.200 --> 00:32:25.840
We are one of the biggest areas in Poland,
where

00:32:27.600 --> 00:32:33.560
farm land is turned into urban grounds,

00:32:33.640 --> 00:32:35.280
which has huge impact

00:32:35.360 --> 00:32:37.240
on nature and climate.

00:32:37.960 --> 00:32:43.080
Eu also places on us the responsibility

00:32:43.200 --> 00:32:48.040
of recycling at a high level,

00:32:48.120 --> 00:32:51.320
recycling of waste, 95%, currently

00:32:51.400 --> 00:32:56.640
it's about 32% in our voya leadership.

00:32:56.840 --> 00:33:01.400
Our thesis is that if we don't work
together, we don't coordinate

00:33:01.920 --> 00:33:04.960
our educational actions,
organizational actions, marketing, etc.

00:33:05.040 --> 00:33:11.320
In this scope, then
it's going to be very difficult, very

00:33:11.400 --> 00:33:16.040
slow when it comes to reaching the goals.

00:33:16.120 --> 00:33:20.440
And summing up of the summer organization,
one of the maps

00:33:20.920 --> 00:33:25.000
available from the main statistical ZASAF
is differences in the last decade or so,

00:33:25.080 --> 00:33:30.240
and a fragment of a well-known
report of the Polish Economic Society,

00:33:30.320 --> 00:33:36.720
which gives the cost of lack of management
of suburbanization in Poland.

00:33:37.000 --> 00:33:42.320
We've taken a proportional
amount for our area from that.

00:33:42.400 --> 00:33:49.120
So the pressure which the residents put
on us, build a road, send a bus,

00:33:49.200 --> 00:33:53.440
build infrastructure, et cetera,
wherever we sold land.

00:33:53.520 --> 00:33:59.200
Before that, economic cost in Poland
is assessed for our area at 3.5.

00:33:59.280 --> 00:34:03.320
Billion The second goal

00:34:04.720 --> 00:34:07.840
is efficient transportation.

00:34:14.080 --> 00:34:17.840
Commuting in Poland,
what does it look like?

00:34:17.920 --> 00:34:25.440
Well, another map which shows you
Metropolitan connections in our country.

00:34:26.400 --> 00:34:32.640
As far as concrete numbers,
well, this is not the most current data,

00:34:32.720 --> 00:34:38.480
as you can see,
in comparison of 2016, 2021.

00:34:42.040 --> 00:34:46.200
69,000 people commute to Gdańsk daily.

00:34:46.280 --> 00:34:47.840
Gdaña 42,000.

00:34:47.920 --> 00:34:52.000
This is what it looked like four years
ago, but it's an interesting increase

00:34:52.080 --> 00:34:54.960
on the right-hand side
in the number, of course.

00:34:55.040 --> 00:34:57.360
So more and more cars.

00:34:57.480 --> 00:35:03.480
We have the biggest increase in
Poland, in fact.

00:35:04.600 --> 00:35:06.480
Two reports,

00:35:07.640 --> 00:35:12.200
chosen one based on indicators of the EU,

00:35:12.280 --> 00:35:16.720
from which it
includes that Gdańsk is the fourth

00:35:16.800 --> 00:35:21.720
most attractive city to live in the EU.

00:35:21.800 --> 00:35:25.640
Also, Gdina, which received the award
for the best place to live in Poland.

00:35:25.720 --> 00:35:28.880
So these are reports of rankings.

00:35:28.960 --> 00:35:30.640
Rankings live their own life.

00:35:30.720 --> 00:35:35.320
Of course, they
can be questioned depending

00:35:35.400 --> 00:35:38.320
on the criteria they have selected.

00:35:38.400 --> 00:35:40.760
But generally,
the opinion is that Trice City region is

00:35:40.840 --> 00:35:42.240
one of the best places to live in Poland.

00:35:42.320 --> 00:35:51.480
We have, of course, the sea, Next to us,

00:35:53.200 --> 00:35:54.360
we've heard about Krakow,

00:35:54.440 --> 00:35:59.440
which is located in a valley in smog,
polluted air,

00:35:59.680 --> 00:36:02.800
but We have this clear wind
from the sea, clean air.

00:36:02.880 --> 00:36:07.680
Of course, this is PR image and so on.

00:36:07.760 --> 00:36:09.840
However, it does stem from something.

00:36:09.920 --> 00:36:13.400
We think
that this developmental potential,

00:36:13.480 --> 00:36:18.480
the three cities, definitely considerable.

00:36:19.960 --> 00:36:23.680
However,
when it comes to the scale of using

00:36:23.760 --> 00:36:28.000
that potential,
and here on the screen, we can

00:36:28.080 --> 00:36:35.080
see examples of international companies
or branches or plane connections.

00:36:35.480 --> 00:36:42.840
Well, as you well know, is it easy
to reach Gdańsk from Portugal or Spain?

00:36:42.920 --> 00:36:47.840
I can mention There are a whole list
of cities which do not have

00:36:47.920 --> 00:36:48.920
direct connection with us.

00:36:49.000 --> 00:36:54.800
I think it does matter when it comes
to actually having a good location and

00:36:54.880 --> 00:36:56.880
the network of Metropolitan cities.

00:36:56.960 --> 00:37:02.520
Also such aspect as
immigrants, one might say that Ukrainians

00:37:02.600 --> 00:37:09.280
and other nations have definitely became a

00:37:09.720 --> 00:37:12.280
stable element when it comes

00:37:12.360 --> 00:37:16.360
to the residents of our city, of our
metropolis, which makes us very happy.

00:37:16.440 --> 00:37:22.000
But I must also
emphasize a certain peripheral character

00:37:22.080 --> 00:37:25.440
in relation to other European metropolit.

00:37:25.600 --> 00:37:30.960
Looking at statistics, we have, well,
sometimes fewer migrants as potential

00:37:31.040 --> 00:37:35.080
talents that we need, that we want,
that we invite,

00:37:35.160 --> 00:37:41.280
than, for example, Wrocław or Pozna,
which are smaller by about

00:37:41.360 --> 00:37:45.920
100,000 than the Tri-city metropolis.

00:37:46.000 --> 00:37:52.040
Because despite the fact that Gnaiski is
about 450,000 in population,

00:37:52.120 --> 00:37:54.840
try to see together is 750,000.

00:37:54.920 --> 00:38:01.000
But with Czech and the surrounding area,
then this our Metropolitan area has more,

00:38:01.080 --> 00:38:04.880
in fact, residents than
the Pozna and Wrapsła metropolis.

00:38:04.960 --> 00:38:12.200
But when it comes to immigrants or
students, we have about 40, 50%,

00:38:12.280 --> 00:38:16.880
fewer of them than those
cities I mentioned.

00:38:17.920 --> 00:38:24.840
Therefore, we are a little afraid
that despite a record

00:38:26.440 --> 00:38:31.880
quick economic development in our country,
the last 15 years,

00:38:31.960 --> 00:38:35.600
we've been in the forefront when it came
to Polish cities, to European cities,

00:38:35.680 --> 00:38:37.400
when it came to economic growth.

00:38:37.480 --> 00:38:42.400
However, we are afraid we can
get stuck in this trap of middle growth.

00:38:42.480 --> 00:38:46.880
In other words, we've
caught up with this easy potential

00:38:46.960 --> 00:38:48.640
that was easiest to catch up with.

00:38:48.720 --> 00:38:53.960
But in relation to truly innovative,

00:38:54.040 --> 00:38:59.800
richer cities that we will be

00:38:59.880 --> 00:39:02.840
basically We won't be able to catch up,
but we'll get stuck in this position.

00:39:02.920 --> 00:39:04.760
We're trying to cooperate here
with the academic circles.

00:39:04.840 --> 00:39:11.600
We are also
working on the

00:39:11.680 --> 00:39:16.520
professional activity levels so that
seniors, people with various disabilities,

00:39:16.600 --> 00:39:19.080
other groups could become active.

00:39:19.160 --> 00:39:24.400
I might also say that men, women,
on one hand, equality seems to be there.

00:39:24.480 --> 00:39:28.360
One of the reports, however,
a recent report says that 70%

00:39:28.440 --> 00:39:33.880
of men are active on the work
market and only 50% of women.

00:39:33.960 --> 00:39:37.680
It's one of the policies
of the Metropolitan area to

00:39:37.760 --> 00:39:42.000
deal with that, therefore greater
use of the social economic potential.

00:39:42.080 --> 00:39:49.480
This is the third pillar
in the strategy of the Metropolitan area.

00:39:50.400 --> 00:39:53.800
We set ourselves a goal in this

00:39:53.880 --> 00:39:58.320
new strategy that we would like in 10,

00:39:58.400 --> 00:40:05.120
15 years to see our Metropolitan area to

00:40:05.200 --> 00:40:08.720
be at the top 100 in Europe.

00:40:09.600 --> 00:40:15.120
Recently, we've dropped from 183 to 187

00:40:15.200 --> 00:40:19.280
out of about 240 regions in Europe.

00:40:19.400 --> 00:40:25.240
So it's not anything to be proud of.

00:40:25.320 --> 00:40:31.760
I'll put one of those special

00:40:32.040 --> 00:40:34.320
slides on the screen showing,

00:40:34.400 --> 00:40:39.040
for example, our transport infrastructure.

00:40:39.240 --> 00:40:45.200
We are just before

00:40:48.000 --> 00:40:49.920
signing by Polish Parliament of

00:40:50.000 --> 00:40:54.160
an act on which Poland
area in the Pomorskie Wojewodoship.

00:40:54.240 --> 00:40:58.280
Currently in Poland, we have such
organizations as ours,

00:40:58.360 --> 00:41:04.800
which Well, as an association
of counties, of self-governments,

00:41:04.880 --> 00:41:10.240
a bottom-up in a bottom-up way,
cooperate with each other.

00:41:10.320 --> 00:41:13.120
They allocate a certain
budget for that cooperation.

00:41:13.200 --> 00:41:18.120
There is one exemption For
five years now around Katowice,

00:41:18.200 --> 00:41:22.320
this is to million inhabitants,
the second biggest metropolis in

00:41:22.520 --> 00:41:25.840
also Silesian region.

00:41:26.280 --> 00:41:30.640
It has received, this region has received
a special from the parliament,

00:41:30.720 --> 00:41:37.640
which formalizes the legal
entity of the Silesian Metropolitan area.

00:41:37.720 --> 00:41:43.520
This can be compared to the to the fourth
unit of self-government in Poland.

00:41:44.560 --> 00:41:50.120
In a number of legal acts,
getting with infrastructure,

00:41:50.200 --> 00:41:54.640
water management,
finances, et cetera, we see the entry

00:41:54.720 --> 00:41:56.960
of the Metropolitan Association.

00:41:57.040 --> 00:42:00.080
This is the only entity
that is active in Silesia.

00:42:00.160 --> 00:42:02.880
Where the central government declares
that until the end of the year,

00:42:02.960 --> 00:42:08.440
they will complete working
on the act which is with us.

00:42:09.200 --> 00:42:14.400
Today, I'll be sending the last draft
that we've prepared after receiving

00:42:14.480 --> 00:42:16.080
remarks from the government.

00:42:16.160 --> 00:42:21.880
So intensive works are being conducted
on legalizing this

00:42:21.960 --> 00:42:24.760
relationship, so to speak.

00:42:26.000 --> 00:42:32.960
Well, we want the government to finally
agree agree that our

00:42:33.040 --> 00:42:36.960
polycentric area should be
of national interest and that Poland

00:42:37.040 --> 00:42:39.640
should have a certain policy regarding our
region and a question

00:42:39.720 --> 00:42:40.520
of observation policy.

00:42:40.600 --> 00:42:44.720
I've already said
that I work with presidents of cities in

00:42:44.800 --> 00:42:51.480
all these areas that I've mentioned,
and I dream of creating a team of people,

00:42:51.560 --> 00:42:54.440
having a team of people, perhaps
a Metropolitan Office of Special Planning

00:42:54.520 --> 00:42:59.840
or some departmental structure,
but generally a team of people

00:42:59.920 --> 00:43:03.200
which would deal with special planning.

00:43:03.280 --> 00:43:09.920
Sometimes I visit Barcelona
and Hamburg, Metropol,

00:43:10.200 --> 00:43:13.800
I don't quite remember what it's like
in Hamburg, but in Barcelona,

00:43:13.880 --> 00:43:19.480
I know that there is a large city planning

00:43:19.560 --> 00:43:21.200
office and a Metropolitan planning office.

00:43:21.280 --> 00:43:26.760
They share projects, they divide between
themselves projects,

00:43:26.840 --> 00:43:32.880
deciding which is to be done by the city,
to be done in unison with other cities.

00:43:32.960 --> 00:43:34.520
It's a certain model for us.

00:43:34.600 --> 00:43:41.040
But let's start from how do
we identify the first project?

00:43:41.120 --> 00:43:45.720
How do we start acting at this
borderland between Tri-City

00:43:45.800 --> 00:43:48.000
and smaller municipalities?

00:43:48.080 --> 00:43:52.800
Should we concentrate on the biggest
infrastructural project?

00:43:52.880 --> 00:44:00.080
For example, our
quick railway transport to the south parts

00:44:00.160 --> 00:44:07.080
of Gdańsk, or perhaps we should start
with climate questions, flat protection.

00:44:07.160 --> 00:44:08.840
Where do we get human resources from?

00:44:08.920 --> 00:44:14.680
We have two offices in Gdańsk and Gdynia,
two space planning offices.

00:44:14.760 --> 00:44:20.640
The directors of those offices are not

00:44:20.720 --> 00:44:22.280
really all that eager to

00:44:22.360 --> 00:44:26.080
enter the Metropolitan area scope because
they have so much work connected

00:44:26.160 --> 00:44:32.360
with their respective cities and
dealing with big planning reform, general

00:44:32.440 --> 00:44:35.200
spatial planning issues in the counties.

00:44:35.280 --> 00:44:38.560
They already want to assign some of their

00:44:38.640 --> 00:44:42.560
teams into this Metropolitan unit.

00:44:42.640 --> 00:44:48.400
So summing up, if in February, March, the
government actually passes the act,

00:44:48.480 --> 00:44:51.800
then in the spring of next year,

00:44:55.520 --> 00:44:58.400
we will receive a formal status.

00:44:58.480 --> 00:45:02.200
We will start creating a formal structure.

00:45:02.560 --> 00:45:06.320
One of the main questions

00:45:07.200 --> 00:45:10.440
is, one of the questions I poses,

00:45:10.520 --> 00:45:17.480
what first steps will be taken
It should be taken by us.

00:45:17.560 --> 00:45:24.960
This is also connected, obviously,
with the budget comes from the income tax.

00:45:27.600 --> 00:45:32.440
We could ask our politicians,
and if we ask them and they said, Well,

00:45:32.520 --> 00:45:35.600
let's spend the money on public transport.

00:45:35.680 --> 00:45:40.000
But they don't really ask questions about
the climate, the economy,

00:45:40.080 --> 00:45:40.760
special planning.

00:45:40.840 --> 00:45:44.200
In other words,
what should we start with and which

00:45:44.280 --> 00:45:46.600
part of budget should be
allocated to special planning?

00:45:46.680 --> 00:45:48.880
These are the main challenges,
basically, on the metropole network.

00:45:48.960 --> 00:45:52.560
Thank you very much for being
able to share them with you today.

00:45:52.640 --> 00:45:55.640
Thank you very much.
Thank you very much.

00:45:55.720 --> 00:45:59.840
The final presentation of today is

00:45:59.920 --> 00:46:04.760
Jao Bento from the University of Lisbon.

00:46:04.840 --> 00:46:09.120
Thank you very much, Dr. Glasser, for

00:46:09.200 --> 00:46:11.880
this presentation on the much of autumn

00:46:11.960 --> 00:46:15.520
area specifics and the challenges
connected with it, because

00:46:15.600 --> 00:46:19.920
I think these challenges are very
interesting also due to planning

00:46:20.000 --> 00:46:23.640
and urban architectural aspects.

00:46:23.760 --> 00:46:29.760
Jao Bento now who will tell us
about the management of our project,

00:46:29.840 --> 00:46:35.000
soft competences and European
experiences in that area.

00:46:35.080 --> 00:46:38.840
Something that, frankly speaking,
has been a subject of discussion

00:46:38.920 --> 00:46:44.840
in the context of discussion about
the quality of spatial planning.

00:46:44.920 --> 00:46:48.400
I think it's going to be a very
interesting voice,

00:46:48.480 --> 00:46:54.640
which will also add to our discourse about
how to shape architecture

00:46:54.720 --> 00:46:56.120
in this point area.

00:46:56.560 --> 00:46:58.120
Well, good afternoon.

00:46:58.360 --> 00:47:01.760
I'd like to start by thanking for the kind
invitation to be here today

00:47:01.840 --> 00:47:05.240
at this important meeting in Gdańsk.

00:47:06.400 --> 00:47:11.080
My presentation will focus
on the topic of urban design governance

00:47:11.160 --> 00:47:17.400
and on the use of soft powers and informal
tools across different European contexts.

00:47:17.960 --> 00:47:24.280
More precisely, I will use our recent book
that has just been published last year

00:47:24.360 --> 00:47:29.320
by UCL Press with the same title,
Urban Design Governance,

00:47:29.400 --> 00:47:32.680
together with my fellow co-authors,
Professor Mathieu Carmona

00:47:32.760 --> 00:47:36.640
and Tommaso Gabriele,
that teach at University College

00:47:36.720 --> 00:47:41.280
of London, where I also worked as
a researcher for several years.

00:47:41.560 --> 00:47:47.440
To start my presentation, I will first
describe the context of the publication.

00:47:47.520 --> 00:47:51.120
So behind the book,
there were two years of research European

00:47:51.200 --> 00:47:58.840
project entitled Urban Maestro
that ran from 2019 to 2021.

00:47:58.960 --> 00:48:03.880
The project gathered three partners:
UN Habitats Office,

00:48:03.960 --> 00:48:08.680
the Bruxelles Matre Architect,
so the city architect of Brussels,

00:48:08.760 --> 00:48:10.960
and University College London.

00:48:11.040 --> 00:48:16.640
It was funded by EU Horizon 2020
research project and innovation.

00:48:16.720 --> 00:48:22.720
So, Urban Maestro looked at innovative
urban design governance strategies

00:48:22.800 --> 00:48:26.720
and informal tools
that proved successful in promoting

00:48:26.800 --> 00:48:30.640
high-quality built
environments across Europe.

00:48:30.720 --> 00:48:35.200
In fact, the quality of our built
environment derives from various projects,

00:48:35.280 --> 00:48:38.600
interventions, and decisions over time.

00:48:38.680 --> 00:48:42.960
More precisely,
while European cities developed

00:48:43.040 --> 00:48:47.920
a certificated laws and regulations
which we call the hard power

00:48:48.000 --> 00:48:53.000
to secure public interest goals
through urban design governance,

00:48:53.080 --> 00:48:58.880
the quality of the resulting urban
places can be disappointing and not

00:48:58.960 --> 00:49:01.440
aligned with sustainable objectives.

00:49:02.160 --> 00:49:05.920
To complement statutory planning systems
and regulations,

00:49:06.000 --> 00:49:10.960
European countries and cities
have been applying informal approaches

00:49:11.040 --> 00:49:16.680
in innovative ways, which we call the soft
power, often combining different tools

00:49:16.760 --> 00:49:21.440
in order to guide, encourage,
and enable better design.

00:49:21.520 --> 00:49:26.960
So, Urban Maestro project aimed to capture
and to examine how these informal

00:49:27.040 --> 00:49:30.640
non-regulatory practices
are put in practices,

00:49:30.720 --> 00:49:34.520
with what purpose and with what impact
they have to deliver

00:49:34.600 --> 00:49:37.120
better design outcomes.

00:49:37.200 --> 00:49:41.400
In this framework, Urban Maestro project
had defined several goals,

00:49:41.480 --> 00:49:46.200
such as analyze the formal and informal
urban design governance tools

00:49:46.280 --> 00:49:51.600
in several jurisdictions across Europe
to drill down into the exemplary practices

00:49:51.680 --> 00:49:57.640
via a series of pan-European workshops
and compare the experiences.

00:49:57.720 --> 00:50:01.360
So from the start,
the project was annually collaborative

00:50:01.440 --> 00:50:06.000
among the three partners,
although it spent a tumultuous period

00:50:06.080 --> 00:50:09.320
with Brexit,
which didn't impact on the project

00:50:09.400 --> 00:50:13.280
until the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.

00:50:13.360 --> 00:50:18.280
So while the first year looked like this,
a lot of site visits and meetings,

00:50:18.360 --> 00:50:22.240
the second year of the project looked like
this, in common with much

00:50:22.320 --> 00:50:24.160
of the rest of the world.

00:50:24.640 --> 00:50:29.120
After defining its structure,
a dedicated web page was published online,

00:50:29.200 --> 00:50:33.240
introducing project and providing access
to all the material

00:50:33.320 --> 00:50:37.160
where visitors can navigate through
the different examples and fill

00:50:37.240 --> 00:50:41.480
in relevant information about the state
of affairs and its jurisdiction.

00:50:41.560 --> 00:50:46.840
A European map with different examples is
available online where you can access

00:50:46.920 --> 00:50:51.360
innovative informal practices
where each dot gives access to a fact

00:50:51.440 --> 00:50:55.400
sheet and a more detailed
section in case studies.

00:50:55.560 --> 00:51:01.000
In academic terms, Urban Maestro project
was a piece of qualitative cross-national

00:51:01.080 --> 00:51:07.800
comparative research and collective
learning, which utilized five approaches.

00:51:08.000 --> 00:51:13.440
Building on early research,
a European tool-based typology of urban

00:51:13.520 --> 00:51:17.600
design governance was
structured and tested.

00:51:18.640 --> 00:51:23.960
This structured a European-wide survey
of informal urban design governance

00:51:24.040 --> 00:51:28.880
practices conducted primarily
at the level of the nation-states.

00:51:29.160 --> 00:51:32.880
The survey launched a process
of systematically compiling

00:51:32.960 --> 00:51:38.640
a European-wide panorama of innovative
practices of informal urban design

00:51:38.720 --> 00:51:41.440
governance that are
published on our website.

00:51:41.520 --> 00:51:46.200
And from that, a panorama of series
of case studies focus on greater depth

00:51:46.280 --> 00:51:50.680
on particular practices
of informal urban design governance

00:51:50.760 --> 00:51:53.960
in order to gain greater
insight in their use.

00:51:54.360 --> 00:51:58.240
All of these form the basis of a series
of workshops

00:51:58.320 --> 00:52:03.600
and the masterclass with a different range
of practice years audiences through '19

00:52:03.680 --> 00:52:07.080
and '2020, including the final conference.

00:52:07.560 --> 00:52:11.720
All of this research and over
and the material was analyzed

00:52:11.800 --> 00:52:16.400
and reflected in the seven chapters
of the book that I'm now using to present,

00:52:16.480 --> 00:52:19.280
and I will briefly explore.

00:52:19.360 --> 00:52:25.120
The first chapter sets the contemporary
discussion of European urban design

00:52:25.200 --> 00:52:28.080
governance in a historical context.

00:52:28.160 --> 00:52:33.120
In fact, Europe has a long history
of urbanization, with the first cities

00:52:33.200 --> 00:52:35.760
dating back some 8,000 years or so.

00:52:35.840 --> 00:52:39.480
While the formal means of decision making
used to shape

00:52:39.560 --> 00:52:43.040
the form of early settlements are lost
in the midsts of time,

00:52:43.120 --> 00:52:48.600
it is highly likely that some
form of the early times,

00:52:48.680 --> 00:52:53.960
some form of control was in act
and where and how people could build.

00:52:54.080 --> 00:52:58.360
Some of the earliest records controls
were the reforms of the Solomon,

00:52:58.440 --> 00:53:03.520
the law giver from around and 600
before Christ in ancient Greece.

00:53:03.600 --> 00:53:09.080
These included the guidelines for spacing
and placement of houses, walls,

00:53:09.280 --> 00:53:11.840
ditches, wheels, trees, and even behaves.

00:53:11.920 --> 00:53:15.080
Ancient Rome,
similarly had its regulations.

00:53:15.160 --> 00:53:18.640
Including one of the very first esthetic
regulations to forbid

00:53:18.720 --> 00:53:20.680
the demolition of buildings.

00:53:20.960 --> 00:53:25.960
The medieval world in Europe also had its
controls on what we now known as urban

00:53:26.040 --> 00:53:32.520
design,
such as the the first London Building Act

00:53:32.600 --> 00:53:36.800
to encourage a construction in brick has
a defense against fire or

00:53:36.880 --> 00:53:40.960
the London Rebuilding Act
that gave rise to the particular

00:53:41.040 --> 00:53:44.200
look and feel of Georgian style.

00:53:44.600 --> 00:53:48.920
During the 21st century,
the policy positions and associated

00:53:49.000 --> 00:53:52.720
regulations multiply
with the expectation that the public

00:53:52.800 --> 00:53:57.600
sector could and should intervene
in the shape of the built environment

00:53:57.840 --> 00:54:01.080
in the public interest,
such the cases of zoning,

00:54:01.160 --> 00:54:04.000
which has its origins in a Paleonic
of France,

00:54:04.080 --> 00:54:09.760
before spreading to Germany and from where
to the United States and around the globe.

00:54:10.240 --> 00:54:15.520
So today, a wide range of public interest
motivations are apparent for intervening

00:54:15.600 --> 00:54:18.280
in the design of new developments.

00:54:18.360 --> 00:54:22.000
These diverse motivations have,
in the various ways,

00:54:22.080 --> 00:54:26.720
been written down into the public policy
agendas of multiplicity of governance

00:54:26.800 --> 00:54:32.080
regimes that help to shape the European
built environment as we know.

00:54:32.160 --> 00:54:37.400
It encompasses a broad and holistic set
of considerations that impact

00:54:37.480 --> 00:54:41.480
on how places from building to cities are
used, experienced,

00:54:41.560 --> 00:54:45.040
and appreciated by society at large.

00:54:45.120 --> 00:54:49.640
However, as aspirations and regulations
have profileterated,

00:54:49.720 --> 00:54:54.760
corresponding critiques of what we have
produced have also started to emerge.

00:54:54.840 --> 00:55:00.000
While such critiques led to ever great
attempts to regulate for place quality,

00:55:00.080 --> 00:55:05.240
Europe has been building some areas
that are profoundly unsustainable.

00:55:05.520 --> 00:55:09.960
Some have argued that every aspect
of urban places is, in some way

00:55:10.040 --> 00:55:13.120
or another, shaped by regulations.

00:55:13.200 --> 00:55:18.000
But too often, these are limited in their
scope, technical in their aspirations,

00:55:18.080 --> 00:55:23.280
and not generated out of a place-based
vision imposed on projects

00:55:23.360 --> 00:55:25.440
without regards to outcomes.

00:55:25.960 --> 00:55:29.640
In Rome, for example,
despite more than 2,000 years

00:55:29.720 --> 00:55:35.960
of experiences in regulating design,
new residential areas can be built without

00:55:36.040 --> 00:55:40.320
much character or spatial quality,
despite the existence of urban

00:55:40.400 --> 00:55:43.840
development plans and building standards.

00:55:43.920 --> 00:55:46.680
In this case, as in many others across
Europe,

00:55:46.760 --> 00:55:50.520
formal regulations are simply not
sophisticated enough

00:55:50.600 --> 00:55:54.080
to deal with all the complexities
of urban design

00:55:54.160 --> 00:55:59.360
when faced with private developers,
intent on returning a short-term profit

00:55:59.440 --> 00:56:02.640
at the expense of a long term value.

00:56:03.200 --> 00:56:07.160
We need to remember that the public sector
is just one actor in how

00:56:07.240 --> 00:56:09.840
European cities are shaped.

00:56:09.920 --> 00:56:15.480
Has a top down and hierarchical forms
of post-war government increasingly gave

00:56:15.560 --> 00:56:21.160
away to market led and network governance,

00:56:21.560 --> 00:56:24.040
a key feature of the neo-reliable state

00:56:24.120 --> 00:56:28.200
has been a waning of direct power vested
in the public sector,

00:56:28.280 --> 00:56:35.400
replaced instead by a or diffuse and
indirect means of secure public interest.

00:56:35.480 --> 00:56:38.920
If previously,
government played the decision-making

00:56:39.000 --> 00:56:42.680
role,
then now the decision-making is negotiated

00:56:42.760 --> 00:56:48.320
and shared between public and private
actors, with the balance of power between

00:56:48.400 --> 00:56:53.600
parties and less shifting
from place to place and over time.

00:56:53.680 --> 00:56:59.920
This is because if the public sector can
shape the decision-making environment

00:57:00.000 --> 00:57:04.440
within which decisions on design are made
without actually

00:57:04.520 --> 00:57:06.400
designing anything itself.

00:57:06.480 --> 00:57:11.080
It may be possible to secure design
outcomes that meet all its key

00:57:11.160 --> 00:57:13.560
public interest aspirations.

00:57:13.640 --> 00:57:19.720
Yet this will not occur by chance
or through regulations alone.

00:57:20.200 --> 00:57:25.800
Instead, it will require a system of urban
design governance with the achievement

00:57:25.880 --> 00:57:29.320
of holistic design quality at its heart.

00:57:29.400 --> 00:57:33.080
In another a culture of design quality.

00:57:33.240 --> 00:57:37.160
With this aim in mind,
from the early '19 onwards,

00:57:37.240 --> 00:57:40.600
several European countries begin to adopt
high-level policy statements

00:57:40.680 --> 00:57:44.680
on architecture and design,
starting with the Dutch in 1991,

00:57:44.760 --> 00:57:49.240
that renew its national policy every four
years that would inspire neighboring

00:57:49.320 --> 00:57:54.000
countries to do the same,
all adopting a strategic policy, setting

00:57:54.080 --> 00:57:56.480
high aspirations on the built environment.

00:57:56.560 --> 00:58:00.040
In the beginning of the millennium,
although the European Union does not

00:58:00.120 --> 00:58:04.520
to assess any formal competence in this
area under the international treaties,

00:58:04.600 --> 00:58:09.200
the European institutions began to show
interest and adopt soft guidance,

00:58:09.280 --> 00:58:13.680
the EU Council Resolution
on Architecture Quality in 2001.

00:58:13.760 --> 00:58:17.560
In the same year, The European Commission
followed and launched the EU Prize

00:58:17.640 --> 00:58:21.560
for Contemporary Architecture,
co-organised with the Fondation Mies Van

00:58:21.640 --> 00:58:24.480
der Rohe,
a Biennial Prize that is focused

00:58:24.560 --> 00:58:29.200
on high-quality architecture works
across Europe.

00:58:29.400 --> 00:58:34.320
In 2012, a survey on architectural policy
in Europe concluded that the EU policies

00:58:34.400 --> 00:58:38.680
and the initiatives on architecture
were seen to be having a positive impact

00:58:38.760 --> 00:58:43.040
on encouraging the member states
to develop high policies and initiatives

00:58:43.120 --> 00:58:45.160
to promote architectural quality.

00:58:45.240 --> 00:58:49.080
In the years that follow,
several other European countries also

00:58:49.160 --> 00:58:54.120
adopted their own national policies,
promoting design quality has a public

00:58:54.200 --> 00:58:58.040
concern and fostering
a placemaking culture.

00:58:58.120 --> 00:59:03.400
This is the current panorama of official
documents of a study spread

00:59:03.480 --> 00:59:06.480
across Europe at national level.

00:59:06.560 --> 00:59:11.040
Finally, this first chapter of the book
also cover and brings the discussion up

00:59:11.120 --> 00:59:14.600
to date in terms of the history
of pan-European policies

00:59:14.680 --> 00:59:17.960
on architecture by discussing the concepts
of Bahao culture

00:59:18.040 --> 00:59:22.080
or the report of the EUOMC expert group or
the new European Bahao's

00:59:22.160 --> 00:59:24.880
initiative that is ongoing.

00:59:24.960 --> 00:59:28.760
Moving on to chapter 2,
as well as discussing the methodological

00:59:28.840 --> 00:59:31.880
approach adopted
by the Human Maestro Project,

00:59:31.960 --> 00:59:35.480
the second chapter builds the conceptual
basis for the book,

00:59:35.560 --> 00:59:39.360
summarized in this rather complex diagram.

00:59:39.440 --> 00:59:43.440
I won't discuss this here,
just to say that a range of conceptual

00:59:43.520 --> 00:59:47.200
distinctions are made in the book,
and the most important of which is

00:59:47.280 --> 00:59:54.000
reflected on the book's subtitle
and concerns the power behind governance,

00:59:54.080 --> 00:59:57.360
whether it's soft or it's hard.

00:59:57.520 --> 01:00:02.640
As governance has become even more
multi-layered and complex,

01:00:02.720 --> 01:00:08.440
governments had to familiarize themselves
with a basket of new governance approaches

01:00:08.520 --> 01:00:12.520
that range from the application of softer
influencing powers

01:00:12.600 --> 01:00:18.960
that we call the carets,
to the hard law-making powers, the sticks.

01:00:19.080 --> 01:00:23.880
Rather than the aspirations of government,
this represents the means by which

01:00:23.960 --> 01:00:26.880
government operationalise those ambitions.

01:00:26.960 --> 01:00:31.000
There are many more options
that may at first be apparent.

01:00:31.080 --> 01:00:35.640
As this journey from the soft power
to the hard power end of the spectrum,

01:00:35.720 --> 01:00:39.840
they activate the tools that move
from informal encouraging

01:00:39.920 --> 01:00:44.840
to tools that are increasingly
formal and directive in nature.

01:00:44.920 --> 01:00:49.880
So the different government regimes
that shape our environments

01:00:49.960 --> 01:00:56.360
rely on different combinations of hard and
soft power of formal and informal tools.

01:00:56.440 --> 01:01:00.440
So the quality of the tools
that result are often contrasting.

01:01:00.520 --> 01:01:04.720
With formal tools typically favored
because they are enforceable

01:01:04.800 --> 01:01:08.840
and democratic,
although with the downside that they also

01:01:08.920 --> 01:01:13.320
tend to be time consuming
to create and are inflexible.

01:01:13.400 --> 01:01:17.000
Across Europe,
network systems of governance have tend

01:01:17.080 --> 01:01:22.800
to usher in tools of urban design that sit
outside of formal statutory processes

01:01:22.880 --> 01:01:29.200
and shape the decision making environment
through education, encouraging and nudging

01:01:29.280 --> 01:01:32.960
stakeholders towards better outcomes.

01:01:33.280 --> 01:01:36.320
To help us understand the range of tools
available,

01:01:36.400 --> 01:01:39.560
the third chapter proposes a European
typology,

01:01:39.640 --> 01:01:45.560
the starting point for which it reflects
two distinguishing features of the tools.

01:01:45.640 --> 01:01:48.680
First,
some tools are focused primarily

01:01:48.760 --> 01:01:52.880
on building a broad culture
within which design quality can be

01:01:52.960 --> 01:01:57.680
prioritized,
indirectly shaping the process of design,

01:01:57.760 --> 01:02:02.240
while others concentrate on derelecting
directly shaping actual

01:02:02.320 --> 01:02:04.200
projects and places.

01:02:04.680 --> 01:02:09.720
Second, while the most widely instruments
or policy tools focus on formally,

01:02:09.800 --> 01:02:13.440
directly in decision-making processes
relating to the design

01:02:13.520 --> 01:02:15.920
of projects and places.

01:02:16.280 --> 01:02:21.240
Others use soft power to informally
influence decision making

01:02:21.320 --> 01:02:26.000
from the broad culture of design
to the specifics of projects.

01:02:26.200 --> 01:02:30.000
When considering together these
distinguishing features,

01:02:30.080 --> 01:02:34.800
creates four potential categories
of urban design governance tools.

01:02:34.880 --> 01:02:39.840
So informal quality tools,
informal quality.

01:02:39.920 --> 01:02:45.040
This is the first
category, informal quality tools,

01:02:45.120 --> 01:02:52.320
cultural tools, informal quality delivery
tools, and formal quality delivery tools.

01:02:52.400 --> 01:02:56.640
We had a fourth one that we call
the formal quality culture tools,

01:02:56.720 --> 01:03:01.280
although the last one,
the formal cultural tools, we omit

01:03:01.360 --> 01:03:05.320
because of the absence of any tools
that could fit in this category except

01:03:05.400 --> 01:03:08.040
of the formal educational system.

01:03:08.120 --> 01:03:15.000
This leads to three categories in which we
are able to fit nine full types.

01:03:15.440 --> 01:03:19.160
Although none of these
categorizations are hard and fast.

01:03:19.240 --> 01:03:22.480
So broadly, however,
within each category in transition

01:03:22.560 --> 01:03:28.160
from lesser to greater engagement or from
more passive to more active intervention.

01:03:28.240 --> 01:03:32.320
Although while this is generally the case,
the transition will not always

01:03:32.400 --> 01:03:35.720
be as clear as the diagram shows.

01:03:35.880 --> 01:03:40.240
Chapter three captured this idea
of the notion of urban design governance,

01:03:40.320 --> 01:03:43.800
landscapes,
because any locality is likely to be

01:03:43.880 --> 01:03:48.720
subject to overlapping urban design
governance processes, depending

01:03:48.800 --> 01:03:51.560
on where and with whom competences lie.

01:03:51.640 --> 01:03:56.720
So municipalities have their own
processes, network of powers, and of

01:03:56.800 --> 01:04:00.240
course, physical and social contexts.

01:04:00.440 --> 01:04:03.800
Overlying all of these,
there might be a city or a regional

01:04:03.880 --> 01:04:07.920
authority which separates competences
relating to design,

01:04:08.000 --> 01:04:11.640
while the nation state itself might also
exercise competence,

01:04:11.720 --> 01:04:16.880
such as setting the policy or
the location of public funding.

01:04:16.960 --> 01:04:21.600
That impacts locally
on design and its governance.

01:04:21.680 --> 01:04:24.720
And in continental Europe,
an environmental level has also been

01:04:24.800 --> 01:04:27.360
increasingly coming to the fore.

01:04:27.440 --> 01:04:32.920
So to illustrate this,
this chapter maps three locations: Lisbon,

01:04:33.000 --> 01:04:36.120
Vienna, and London,
which I will briefly illustrate the last

01:04:36.200 --> 01:04:40.840
one through London's landscape
of urban design governance tools.

01:04:40.920 --> 01:04:44.520
So across London,
responsibilities for urban design

01:04:44.600 --> 01:04:48.680
governance are split between
different tiers of government.

01:04:48.760 --> 01:04:52.920
First, at the national level,
over decades, that policy on design

01:04:53.000 --> 01:04:57.840
quality has tended to swing widely between
support for more or less

01:04:57.920 --> 01:04:59.880
intervention on design.

01:04:59.960 --> 01:05:03.600
With the latest incarnation
of the National Planning Policy Framework,

01:05:03.680 --> 01:05:09.480
advocating a more hands-on esthetic vision
care as a national drive for beauty.

01:05:10.440 --> 01:05:14.360
This is backed by a guiding support
of various aspects of policy

01:05:14.440 --> 01:05:18.640
and setting out a series of normative
design principles establishing

01:05:18.720 --> 01:05:21.320
the scope of the national concern.

01:05:21.400 --> 01:05:26.400
A range of arm's length executive agencies
of government facility delivery,

01:05:26.480 --> 01:05:32.000
utilizing a variety of largely informally
tools, such as Building for Healthy Life,

01:05:32.080 --> 01:05:36.080
a rating system used by Homes England
prior to the releasing of funding

01:05:36.160 --> 01:05:40.200
for social housing,
and the new unit, the Office of Place,

01:05:40.280 --> 01:05:43.960
and its process of setting being up
is likely to be perceived

01:05:44.040 --> 01:05:46.120
with powers of government.

01:05:46.440 --> 01:05:51.160
Turning to the city-wide scale with the
role of the mayor is a strategic one.

01:05:51.240 --> 01:05:55.000
Each of the three mayors have been
interested in issues of design and public

01:05:55.080 --> 01:05:59.520
room quality and have used
a series of soft and hard powers.

01:05:59.600 --> 01:06:03.680
This has has been reflected in formal
design policies as the London Plan,

01:06:03.760 --> 01:06:08.200
to which borrows need to comply
and which the mayor uses to determine

01:06:08.280 --> 01:06:13.160
projects that choses to call
in to mayor determination.

01:06:13.240 --> 01:06:16.280
He supplements this agenda in London
planning guidance,

01:06:16.360 --> 01:06:22.280
including characterisation, optimizing
site capacity and preparing design codes.

01:06:22.880 --> 01:06:28.280
Transport for London is particularly
powerful and the extensive training

01:06:28.360 --> 01:06:31.320
program for built
environment professionals.

01:06:31.400 --> 01:06:34.960
I think it's this one.

01:06:35.040 --> 01:06:38.680
While the mayor's design advocates,
deliver design, review,

01:06:38.760 --> 01:06:45.200
and often direct enabling support to local
authorities, engage in relevant projects.

01:06:45.280 --> 01:06:50.480
All those strategic quality aspirations
are set from above much of the day

01:06:50.560 --> 01:06:55.000
delivery in the responsibilities
of the London's 33 boroughs.

01:06:55.080 --> 01:06:59.200
They are responsible for managing most
of non-strategic streets and spaces,

01:06:59.280 --> 01:07:04.040
establishing local planning policy
and conducting development management

01:07:04.120 --> 01:07:07.160
run award schemes
and have interests in regeneration

01:07:07.240 --> 01:07:10.920
and increasingly social housing projects.

01:07:11.000 --> 01:07:15.400
In recent years,
an increasing number of London borrows

01:07:15.480 --> 01:07:20.320
have also required design review
for significant schemes, most directly

01:07:20.400 --> 01:07:23.520
funded by a charge lived for the service.

01:07:23.600 --> 01:07:29.680
While the sum of all of these layers
of tools in place, for example,

01:07:29.760 --> 01:07:34.400
the design, recent design housing audit
for England conducted by Place Alliance,

01:07:34.480 --> 01:07:38.120
which scored housing-led projects across
the countries in terms

01:07:38.200 --> 01:07:40.000
of the design quality.

01:07:40.240 --> 01:07:44.760
The free urban design governance
landscapes features in the book are just

01:07:44.840 --> 01:07:50.520
free of many thousands of such landscapes,
each representing particular cities,

01:07:50.600 --> 01:07:53.360
municipalities or places in Europe.

01:07:53.440 --> 01:07:59.360
Nevertheless, each of the chosen sites
or cities have been on the same journey,

01:07:59.440 --> 01:08:03.880
one to reach design quality is
on the agenda and being prioritized

01:08:03.960 --> 01:08:08.560
with a variety of reliance on informal
tools that reflects their stage

01:08:08.640 --> 01:08:13.200
in the overall urban design governance
trajectory.

01:08:13.360 --> 01:08:17.600
What is clear is that Where a strong
national commitment exists

01:08:17.680 --> 01:08:22.080
to delivering design quality,
this will have a powerful impact in either

01:08:22.160 --> 01:08:24.760
establishing or boosting local ambition.

01:08:24.840 --> 01:08:29.400
Has delivery is almost entirely
a local responsibility,

01:08:29.480 --> 01:08:33.360
where local ambition is also key
to building a sustainable local

01:08:33.440 --> 01:08:36.160
commitment to design quality.

01:08:36.840 --> 01:08:41.120
All this complexity
implies that understanding the collective

01:08:41.200 --> 01:08:45.600
European urban design governance landscape
represents a challenging

01:08:45.680 --> 01:08:48.840
and perhaps even an impossible task.

01:08:48.920 --> 01:08:52.880
This was the reason why the Urban Maestro
project adopted an approach

01:08:52.960 --> 01:08:58.080
to understanding European practices
based on a typology of tools

01:08:58.160 --> 01:09:01.720
that were being used
rather rather than seeking to understand

01:09:01.800 --> 01:09:08.160
in detail what forms of governance
were leading to which tools and outcomes.

01:09:09.040 --> 01:09:13.640
Chapter 4 dived into the resulting
collective toolbox in some detail,

01:09:13.720 --> 01:09:18.040
presenting the full panorama of European
practices that the Urban Maestro project

01:09:18.120 --> 01:09:24.040
uncover, which we have explored
in detail in our website.

01:09:24.120 --> 01:09:28.560
While the Urban Maestro project catalogs
more than 100 initiatives,

01:09:28.640 --> 01:09:34.360
the book has chosen 27 of the most
interesting or simply the most explanatory

01:09:34.440 --> 01:09:39.680
in order to interrogate the six informal
tools categories and the critical

01:09:39.760 --> 01:09:42.400
related dimension of finance.

01:09:42.480 --> 01:09:47.120
In fact, a concern for finance and its
relationship to the governance of design

01:09:47.200 --> 01:09:52.880
was a key aspect of the Urban Maestro
project, and it is explored in chapter 5.

01:09:53.840 --> 01:09:59.600
Returning briefly to ancient wisdom,
Vitruvius, writing in the first century,

01:09:59.680 --> 01:10:04.040
called for structures that exhibit
firmness, commodity, and delight.

01:10:04.120 --> 01:10:07.360
And ever since, these essential parametms
have been taken as

01:10:07.440 --> 01:10:10.080
a criteria of good design.

01:10:10.160 --> 01:10:14.520
However, a fourth criteria of economy
should also be added

01:10:14.600 --> 01:10:19.200
in the sense of respecting and optimizing
precious resources,

01:10:19.280 --> 01:10:21.640
both economic and environmentally.

01:10:21.720 --> 01:10:26.400
But while environmental issues are
increasingly integrated into European

01:10:26.480 --> 01:10:31.160
urban design governance frameworks,
from the pan-European scale downwards,

01:10:31.240 --> 01:10:35.960
economic concerns are not,
or at least are not so obviously.

01:10:36.040 --> 01:10:40.640
While tools of urban design governance is
selected, there is the potential to use

01:10:40.720 --> 01:10:45.320
financial means
alongside or as part of design governance

01:10:45.400 --> 01:10:53.080
toolbox to incentivise good design
or discourage poor design.

01:10:53.160 --> 01:10:57.240
So financial means could, for example,
encourage the use of urban

01:10:57.320 --> 01:10:59.120
design governance tools.

01:10:59.200 --> 01:11:03.880
And typically this will occur as part
of formal incentivation process,

01:11:03.960 --> 01:11:08.080
but also occur within
the informal support category.

01:11:08.600 --> 01:11:13.440
This linkage between design and finance,
either positive or negative,

01:11:13.520 --> 01:11:16.360
will be apparent in most development
projects,

01:11:16.440 --> 01:11:19.720
and certainly was in development-related
case studies

01:11:19.800 --> 01:11:23.520
conducted by the Urban Maestro,
which included large-scale regeneration

01:11:23.600 --> 01:11:29.800
projects, examined in the project,
Valencia, Oslo, and Copenhagen.

01:11:30.040 --> 01:11:35.080
Significant investments by the public
sector in key locations across Europe

01:11:35.160 --> 01:11:40.680
and the huge private investment
this attract offer the ideal opportunity

01:11:40.760 --> 01:11:46.280
to attach informal design strings
to the formal financing of projects.

01:11:47.200 --> 01:11:52.760
And while any financial mechanisms might,
in theory, be used for that purpose,

01:11:52.840 --> 01:11:58.760
Huber Maestro revealed that in practice,
some are more commonly used than others.

01:11:58.840 --> 01:12:04.120
There is no time here to explore how these
are used, except to note that they will

01:12:04.200 --> 01:12:08.200
fit into two large sets of approaches
that encompass, first,

01:12:08.280 --> 01:12:13.440
the manner in which finance is raised,
transferred, and applied, and second,

01:12:13.520 --> 01:12:18.320
the mechanisms that shape the economic
equation that developers have to balance,

01:12:18.400 --> 01:12:23.000
including tangible regulatory
and development incentives, if developers

01:12:23.080 --> 01:12:26.360
demonstrantly invest in design quality.

01:12:26.600 --> 01:12:30.520
So Chapter 5 sets out of the various
financial mechanisms mechanisms

01:12:30.600 --> 01:12:35.400
and provide the examples of how these are
tied to the design aspirations

01:12:35.480 --> 01:12:38.360
through a range of informal tools.

01:12:38.640 --> 01:12:43.960
All of this raises the question of chicken
or egg that is explored

01:12:44.040 --> 01:12:45.240
also in the chapter.

01:12:45.320 --> 01:12:52.400
Namely, does the availability
of finance incentivise good design?

01:12:52.480 --> 01:12:56.680
Or does the promise of good
design incentivise finance?

01:12:56.840 --> 01:13:01.280
In most of the cases examined,
the two work together with a key ambition

01:13:01.360 --> 01:13:05.720
to create better projects,
leading to a desire to develop approaches

01:13:05.800 --> 01:13:09.320
that will deliver on that ambition,
approaches with clear

01:13:09.400 --> 01:13:12.280
finance and design component.

01:13:12.360 --> 01:13:16.640
Such processes, however,
require a pre the existent ambition,

01:13:16.720 --> 01:13:23.600
and this will only likely to come if a
culture of design quality is put in place.

01:13:23.960 --> 01:13:26.680
Moving on to the penultimate chapter
of the book,

01:13:26.760 --> 01:13:32.840
the focus shift to learning from across
a range of workshops that set at the core

01:13:32.920 --> 01:13:35.200
of the urban Maestro methodology.

01:13:35.280 --> 01:13:38.560
Over two years,
these events brought together petroliers,

01:13:38.640 --> 01:13:43.320
policymakers, and students from across
Europe to explore the variety of projects

01:13:43.400 --> 01:13:46.760
of urban design governance
studied by the project.

01:13:46.840 --> 01:13:51.120
The aim was both to interrogate the tools
and more importantly,

01:13:51.200 --> 01:13:56.360
to consider the collective lessons
that might be drawn from their use.

01:13:56.440 --> 01:14:00.120
The results of these discussions are
summarized in 20 propositions

01:14:00.200 --> 01:14:05.280
that are used to structure the chapter 6,
including the vital questions how

01:14:05.360 --> 01:14:10.360
practices can travel
or how transferable are practices

01:14:10.440 --> 01:14:13.200
of urban design governance across
the continent,

01:14:13.280 --> 01:14:18.400
where the governance of the built
environment is both diverse and complex.

01:14:18.520 --> 01:14:21.040
As I noted at the start
of the presentations,

01:14:21.120 --> 01:14:26.160
practices of urban design governance under
different names have been traveling since

01:14:26.240 --> 01:14:29.280
ancient times and not always successfully.

01:14:29.360 --> 01:14:32.920
While the While workshops revealed
an obvious strong desire to learn

01:14:33.000 --> 01:14:38.200
from each other and to share experience,
the complexities of practices that vary

01:14:38.280 --> 01:14:42.760
at country, regional, and city,
and even local remains a barrier.

01:14:42.840 --> 01:14:46.720
While such variations make the transfer
of hard power tools

01:14:46.800 --> 01:14:52.520
and approaches particularly challenging,
this does not apply to soft power forms

01:14:52.600 --> 01:14:58.560
of tools whose non-statutory nature
requires only initiative, ambitions,

01:14:58.640 --> 01:15:02.120
and of course, resources to operate them.

01:15:02.200 --> 01:15:07.320
It follows that softer urban design
governance tools are more transferables,

01:15:07.400 --> 01:15:10.360
which bring us to the final chamber,
and to conclude,

01:15:10.440 --> 01:15:15.840
which does three things in order to draw
together the various lines of inquiry.

01:15:15.920 --> 01:15:21.440
First, it identifies the common types
of urban design governance,

01:15:21.520 --> 01:15:25.920
landscapes found across Europe,
born of shared cultures, histories,

01:15:26.000 --> 01:15:30.720
legal systems, and traditions
of administration and urban governance.

01:15:30.800 --> 01:15:35.400
Second, it suggests that the tools
deployed within these different landscapes

01:15:35.480 --> 01:15:39.480
can be used in combinations,
including financial mechanisms,

01:15:39.560 --> 01:15:43.440
across different stages
of the development process.

01:15:43.520 --> 01:15:48.080
Finally, it identifies six
fundamental factors that will be

01:15:48.160 --> 01:15:52.600
important, whatever the local
circumstances or the tools ultimately

01:15:52.680 --> 01:15:56.080
chosen to engage with design quality.

01:15:56.160 --> 01:16:02.560
These are the six Cs of culture, capacity,
Coordination, collaboration,

01:16:02.640 --> 01:16:05.200
commitment, and continuity.

01:16:05.280 --> 01:16:09.760
All of these are required and underpined
many of the best practices

01:16:09.840 --> 01:16:12.240
brought together in the book.

01:16:12.320 --> 01:16:17.520
To conclude, soft power and hard
power tools are not the same.

01:16:17.600 --> 01:16:23.480
Soft power tools require us to think
differently about urban problems,

01:16:23.560 --> 01:16:26.840
including the design of places.

01:16:26.920 --> 01:16:31.560
Instead of requiring action,
such Such powers are about nudging

01:16:31.640 --> 01:16:36.840
stakeholders in the right direction
through influencing, convincing, and even

01:16:36.920 --> 01:16:40.880
securing and seducing them into action.

01:16:40.960 --> 01:16:44.920
This can limit their impact
as they do not determine the final action

01:16:45.000 --> 01:16:49.920
taken, but if they are used well,
they can change long term cultures

01:16:50.000 --> 01:16:54.680
and practices and have the potential
for a far greater impact on the quality

01:16:54.760 --> 01:16:57.880
of places that many formal regulations.

01:16:57.960 --> 01:17:00.920
And the book explains how.

01:17:01.880 --> 01:17:03.040
Thank you.

01:17:03.840 --> 01:17:08.960
Thank you very much, Joe Bento,
for this interesting presentation.

01:17:09.040 --> 01:17:14.040
Since we have 10 minutes left to lunch,

01:17:14.120 --> 01:17:16.520
well, it seems We will make it on time,

01:17:16.600 --> 01:17:21.320
perhaps even before schedule.

01:17:24.680 --> 01:17:29.400
Perhaps it's time for a few words of a

01:17:29.480 --> 01:17:32.080
working a summary of our today conference.

01:17:32.160 --> 01:17:38.320
The starting point,
as I had mentioned yesterday

01:17:38.400 --> 01:17:45.360
morning, was a certain triad connected
with the three scales we

01:17:46.400 --> 01:17:52.600
deal with this architectural design, urban
planning, and

01:17:53.080 --> 01:17:58.320
issues connected with shaping development

01:17:58.400 --> 01:18:01.320
of policy Of course, this can be

01:18:01.400 --> 01:18:04.080
put in different wording as well.

01:18:04.160 --> 01:18:08.560
But generally this planning scale, which
then

01:18:08.640 --> 01:18:16.440
translates on to regional metropolitan
scale and is also connected with certain

01:18:16.600 --> 01:18:23.560
areas which go outside the range
of certain urban complexes, et cetera.

01:18:23.640 --> 01:18:26.840
The second point

01:18:27.320 --> 01:18:30.680
is the issue connected with the way

01:18:30.760 --> 01:18:35.160
of conducting
discussion on creating our

01:18:35.240 --> 01:18:40.520
architectural environment and creating
the space around us in the wider sense.

01:18:40.600 --> 01:18:48.400
Or one might say we've
talked about the

01:18:48.480 --> 01:18:54.840
traditional approach connected to three
issues: discussion, participation

01:18:55.600 --> 01:19:01.800
on the shape of the space,
the planning and implementation,

01:19:01.880 --> 01:19:03.120
of course.

01:19:03.440 --> 01:19:06.280
As far as this implementational aspect,

01:19:06.360 --> 01:19:11.640
we have a new facet here.

01:19:11.720 --> 01:19:14.560
It is something that has
already been pointed to.

01:19:14.640 --> 01:19:19.920
That is
the issue connected with all the new tools

01:19:20.520 --> 01:19:23.680
used for shaping
and controlling the quality.

01:19:24.480 --> 01:19:29.520
That is a very wide set of instruments

01:19:30.280 --> 01:19:33.320
of managing local development,

01:19:33.400 --> 01:19:36.400
urban governance, as we call it.

01:19:36.480 --> 01:19:40.680
It doesn't really have a good equivalent
Polish urban governance, but

01:19:40.760 --> 01:19:46.200
it seems to be an issue which in this

01:19:46.280 --> 01:19:51.640
context falls through the net a bit.

01:19:51.720 --> 01:19:57.960
It's definitely worthwhile to
think about it a bit more and think about

01:19:58.040 --> 01:20:00.160
how we could use this palette

01:20:00.240 --> 01:20:05.880
of instruments discussing these issues.

01:20:05.960 --> 01:20:10.680
The third
issue which

01:20:10.880 --> 01:20:16.640
has been presented in our other
In a equivocal way, this

01:20:16.720 --> 01:20:21.800
is the importance of what
we would call large city projects,

01:20:21.880 --> 01:20:26.400
urban projects, which are, of course,
prepared in a number of ways.

01:20:26.480 --> 01:20:30.040
They are usually connected with master
planning processes,

01:20:30.120 --> 01:20:34.400
when it comes to various individual areas
of creating framework plans

01:20:34.480 --> 01:20:39.720
or something that Dennis Pippish called
framework plans

01:20:40.840 --> 01:20:44.040
and issues connected with quality control.

01:20:44.120 --> 01:20:48.960
I might say, once again, the third triad,
so to speak, connected

01:20:49.200 --> 01:20:52.720
with planning, implementation

01:20:53.840 --> 01:20:58.120
of spatial planning, and third,

01:20:58.320 --> 01:21:00.840
all the the most vital issues.

01:21:00.920 --> 01:21:06.440
The fourth trio are issues
connected with values.

01:21:06.520 --> 01:21:09.080
The values we should
talk about, if I'm gone.

01:21:09.160 --> 01:21:12.480
In his presentation, he mentioned

01:21:12.600 --> 01:21:25.560
issues connected with 16 various terms

01:21:25.640 --> 01:21:31.560
connected with creating integrated issues.

01:21:31.640 --> 01:21:35.880
I would shorten them from 16 to 3,
summarize them from 16 to 3.

01:21:35.960 --> 01:21:38.920
I could say we're
talking about resilience.

01:21:39.000 --> 01:21:45.200
We're also talking about
inclusion of all entities,

01:21:45.280 --> 01:21:53.280
inclusiveness and flexibility
of the approach in creating solutions.

01:21:53.680 --> 01:21:58.840
Independently of that, it
might seem that shaping the

01:21:58.920 --> 01:22:03.760
Metropolitan architecture is connected
with the necessity to integrate all those

01:22:03.840 --> 01:22:08.560
sets of triads that I have mentioned.

01:22:09.560 --> 01:22:15.240
We could perhaps draw a set of triangles,

01:22:16.040 --> 01:22:21.400
a certain galaxy of particular groups,

01:22:21.480 --> 01:22:28.720
which means that it's just connected
with creating Metropolitan architecture,

01:22:28.800 --> 01:22:30.720
architecture of metropoles, seem

01:22:30.880 --> 01:22:36.720
to be much more complex than this linear

01:22:36.800 --> 01:22:40.160
portrayal that seems to be very common.

01:22:40.880 --> 01:22:46.360
It also seems that this
linear approach can be, in fact,

01:22:46.440 --> 01:22:48.480
very difficult to implement.

01:22:48.560 --> 01:22:54.120
I must say that when Frank was showing
these 54, 56 points that you have to go

01:22:54.200 --> 01:22:58.880
through, I'm afraid about that in Polish
realities, after the fifth, we would

01:22:58.960 --> 01:23:00.520
simply get completely discouraged.

01:23:00.600 --> 01:23:06.280
Knowing our institutional
situation and experience,

01:23:06.360 --> 01:23:09.760
I don't think we would get much further.

01:23:10.600 --> 01:23:14.840
Regardless of, of course, not questioning

01:23:17.840 --> 01:23:19.440
the rightfulness of such approach,

01:23:19.520 --> 01:23:22.600
I think we should also think harder about
issues connected to greater flexibility,

01:23:22.680 --> 01:23:26.840
of greater diversity
in approaching those issues.

01:23:26.920 --> 01:23:32.360
Of course, we've talked about flexible
planning two years ago already, so it's

01:23:32.440 --> 01:23:36.200
an aspect that we've already paid
some attention to here in Gainske.

01:23:36.280 --> 01:23:41.480
I also think that various other forums,
this is also subject of discussion.

01:23:41.560 --> 01:23:44.920
I can remind you that Isaac, our
congress in Brussels,

01:23:45.000 --> 01:23:48.560
we also had a presentation by Landrau on

01:23:48.640 --> 01:23:54.760
flexible planning, and in many other cases

01:23:54.840 --> 01:23:58.160
as well, these issues are vital to us.

01:23:58.240 --> 01:24:04.160
I think that what is
most important for us is a certain

01:24:04.240 --> 01:24:09.000
necessity to find balance between
procedures, formal approach

01:24:09.080 --> 01:24:15.640
and effectiveness in action,
because what's most significant at the end

01:24:15.720 --> 01:24:20.960
of the day is basically reaching a result
that will be attractive, interesting,

01:24:21.040 --> 01:24:25.880
which
will make the residents of our cities,

01:24:25.960 --> 01:24:31.760
users of spaces, various other entities,
partners that we deal with,

01:24:31.840 --> 01:24:36.520
that all of them will be witnesses
of change, of change taking place,

01:24:36.600 --> 01:24:42.480
of a process of
change in shaping the space around us.

01:24:42.560 --> 01:24:45.920
Thanks to that,
the concepts which we were able to

01:24:46.000 --> 01:24:51.320
take a look at, for example, on the Earth,
on Wednesday,

01:24:51.400 --> 01:24:53.720
reviewing the results of the competition.

01:24:53.800 --> 01:24:57.040
Such concepts in one or another shape,
of course,

01:24:57.120 --> 01:25:01.360
it's a completely different issues,
what the final is going to look like.

01:25:01.440 --> 01:25:06.360
But hopefully, these concepts
will find material shape.

01:25:06.440 --> 01:25:07.360
They will be implemented.

01:25:07.440 --> 01:25:15.280
They will see a real change in space,
which might become a real sign of the

01:25:15.560 --> 01:25:18.920
change that we are talking about.

01:25:19.000 --> 01:25:23.000
Also something that has confirmed my

01:25:23.080 --> 01:25:29.480
suspicion or other thesis of mine, which I

01:25:29.560 --> 01:25:34.960
shared with a year, two days ago,
is the fact that what is missing the most

01:25:35.040 --> 01:25:39.600
in this entire process, and in fact,
what matters the most, is

01:25:39.680 --> 01:25:44.440
the question of the quality of the tool
that we call urban planning.

01:25:44.520 --> 01:25:47.680
Urban planning, which is not
identical to special planning.

01:25:47.760 --> 01:25:53.400
This is not about creating certain points
in master plan or any other form of plan

01:25:53.480 --> 01:25:58.440
of specialize,
but rather it comes down to building

01:25:58.520 --> 01:26:04.880
a certain of course, discussion
on what this space should look like also

01:26:04.960 --> 01:26:06.880
through a certain approach to design.

01:26:06.960 --> 01:26:09.440
Therefore,
I was very happy to see these

01:26:09.520 --> 01:26:14.200
presentations on one hand by our foreign
guests who are presenting both

01:26:14.280 --> 01:26:19.920
history and historical and contemporary
approaches in the context of

01:26:20.000 --> 01:26:25.760
creating urban form of cities, but also
a contemporary, modern,

01:26:25.840 --> 01:26:31.320
mostly Polish in this case, examples of
smaller larger when it comes to their

01:26:31.400 --> 01:26:38.120
scaled solutions,
including also those which are

01:26:38.200 --> 01:26:43.520
a lot more linear, not necessarily
area-like character.

01:26:43.600 --> 01:26:46.720
The presentation on the Metropolitan
railway Line was

01:26:46.800 --> 01:26:51.960
a very important point in this discussion
about how such investments, such

01:26:52.040 --> 01:26:58.560
projects can shape Metropolitan areas,
and as a consequence,

01:26:58.640 --> 01:26:58.650
the architecture of Metropolitan areas.

01:26:58.400 --> 01:27:01.240
As a consequence,
the architecture of Which are scenarios.

01:27:01.320 --> 01:27:04.560
However,
I think that the entry point for further

01:27:04.640 --> 01:27:06.400
discussion,
the party point for discussion,

01:27:06.480 --> 01:27:11.400
should be what Jean presented at the end,
that this issue is connected with this

01:27:11.480 --> 01:27:17.040
huge bag of tools that we might use I

01:27:17.120 --> 01:27:21.200
think we can all take a look

01:27:21.560 --> 01:27:24.560
into the book that Jaal has mentioned.

01:27:24.640 --> 01:27:27.960
Unfortunately, we don't have copies here,
but you can scan the QR code

01:27:28.040 --> 01:27:30.840
or find a book on the web.

01:27:30.920 --> 01:27:33.840
It's accessible, free of charge.

01:27:33.920 --> 01:27:37.760
One can easily get a copy.

01:27:40.160 --> 01:27:44.160
This issue creating

01:27:44.240 --> 01:27:47.120
the quality of space could be a point

01:27:47.200 --> 01:27:50.520
of departure for another conference,
which we might be able to organize next

01:27:50.600 --> 01:27:53.720
year,
which will deal with

01:27:53.800 --> 01:27:59.000
perhaps the issues connected with
quality of architecture and tools

01:27:59.080 --> 01:28:02.280
connected with its shaping.

01:28:02.360 --> 01:28:07.080
Already today, I would like to
issue an invitation for you to participate

01:28:07.160 --> 01:28:10.080
in that event as far as
the details, the date.

01:28:10.160 --> 01:28:16.120
It's a bit too early for that,
but I think that it's going to be

01:28:16.200 --> 01:28:22.480
a natural continuation of the topics,
the questions that we've raised today.

01:28:22.560 --> 01:28:27.440
On the final note,
I still have 15 seconds left.

01:28:27.520 --> 01:28:34.240
I'll allow myself to thank all our
presenters who came to ours from

01:28:34.320 --> 01:28:39.360
near and far, very often joining us
in the last minute, but very effectively.

01:28:39.440 --> 01:28:42.840
I would like to also apologize for two
of our speakers who couldn't make it

01:28:42.920 --> 01:28:45.680
due to health and transport problems.

01:28:45.760 --> 01:28:49.480
I also wanted to thank the entire team

01:28:49.560 --> 01:28:53.840
which was co-organising,
co-creating this conference.

01:28:53.920 --> 01:29:02.480
First of all, I wanted to ask the office
of the City Architect, Mr. Wojtek,

01:29:04.840 --> 01:29:06.560
Michal, Paulina.

01:29:07.360 --> 01:29:11.880
Their hard work allowed
for organizing this event.

01:29:11.960 --> 01:29:17.680
Very often they worked overtime and very
hard in order to pull everything together.

01:29:17.760 --> 01:29:22.880
I also wanted to Mark Marekisler, who also

01:29:25.240 --> 01:29:27.080
organized, very efficient,

01:29:27.160 --> 01:29:33.080
bringing it all together and Of course,
big round of applause for our interpreters

01:29:33.160 --> 01:29:37.200
who had to deal with very difficult
issues and subjects.

01:29:37.280 --> 01:29:40.680
I think they've done very well.

01:29:40.760 --> 01:29:44.640
A big round of applause
for the entire team.

01:29:49.160 --> 01:29:50.800
Thirty seconds of our time.

01:29:50.880 --> 01:29:53.120
It's time to invite you all for lunch.
Thank you very much.